#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/csma-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"
#include "ns3/applications-module.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-global-routing-helper.h"
#include "ns3/mobility-module.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/ssid.h"
#include "ns3/yans-wifi-helper.h"

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("Task_2001600");

NetDeviceContainer createCSMA(NodeContainer nodes, StringValue DataRate, StringValue Delay);

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // Hello
    NS_LOG_UNCOND("Hello Task_2001600");
    LogComponentEnable("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
    LogComponentEnable("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

    /* ### Creazione della Rete ### */
    
    /* ######################################################## */
    /* PARAMETRI */
    /*
    Parametro obbligatorio di nome “studentId” che rappresenta la stringa della matricola referente. Se
    questo parametro non viene passato, la simulazione non deve partire
    */
    std::string studentId;
    /*
    Parametro opzionale di nome “enableRtsCts” che rappresenta un valore booleano con valore di
    default uguale a Falso. Quando il suo valore è Vero, deve forzare l’uso del meccanismo RTS/CTS
    */
    bool enableRtsCts = false;
    /*
    Parametro opzionale di nome “tracing” che rappresenta un valore booleano con valore di default
    uguale a Falso. Quando il suo valore è Vero, deve abilitare il tracing in modalità promiscua sugli
    switch di rete e sul router Wi-Fi.
    */
    bool tracing = false;

    // Parse command line arguments
    // To be passed `./ns3 run task_2001600 -- --studentId=2001600 --tracing=true --enableRtsCts=true`
    CommandLine cmd;
    cmd.AddValue("studentId", "studentId", studentId);
    cmd.AddValue("enableRtsCts", "Enable RTS/CTS", enableRtsCts);
    cmd.AddValue("tracing", "Enable tracing", tracing);
    cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

    // Se studentId vuoto, la simulazione non deve partire
    if (studentId.empty())
    {
        std::cout << "studentId is empty, simulation will not start. exiting." << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // if rts disabled, cts threshold to more than max ever sent
    Config::SetDefault("ns3::WifiRemoteStationManager::RtsCtsThreshold", (enableRtsCts ? UintegerValue(100) : UintegerValue(2200)));


    // All the nodes, each subnet uses a subset of these.
    // A node can belong to multiple subnets
    NodeContainer allNodes;
    allNodes.Create(16);


    /* ######################################################## */
    /* ----- Start of Subnets setup ----- */

    // Reti PTP
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 0,2 */
    NodeContainer nodes02;
    nodes02.Add(allNodes.Get(0));
    nodes02.Add(allNodes.Get(2));
    PointToPointHelper ptph02;
    ptph02.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("10Mbps"));
    ptph02.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("200ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp02 = ptph02.Install(nodes02);
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 1,2 */
    NodeContainer nodes12;
    nodes12.Add(allNodes.Get(1));
    nodes12.Add(allNodes.Get(2));
    PointToPointHelper ptph12;
    ptph12.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("10Mbps"));
    ptph12.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("200ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp12 = ptph12.Install(nodes12);
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 2,4 */
    NodeContainer nodes24;
    nodes24.Add(allNodes.Get(2));
    nodes24.Add(allNodes.Get(4));
    PointToPointHelper ptph24;
    ptph24.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("100Mbps"));
    ptph24.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("20ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp24 = ptph24.Install(nodes24);
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 3,5 */
    NodeContainer nodes35;
    nodes35.Add(allNodes.Get(3));
    nodes35.Add(allNodes.Get(5));
    PointToPointHelper ptph35;
    ptph35.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("100Mbps"));
    ptph35.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("20ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp35 = ptph35.Install(nodes35);
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 4,5 */
    NodeContainer nodes45;
    nodes45.Add(allNodes.Get(4));
    nodes45.Add(allNodes.Get(5));
    PointToPointHelper ptph45;
    ptph45.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("100Mbps"));
    ptph45.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("20ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp45 = ptph45.Install(nodes45);
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 3,9 */
    NodeContainer nodes39;
    nodes39.Add(allNodes.Get(3));
    nodes39.Add(allNodes.Get(9));
    PointToPointHelper ptph39;
    ptph39.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("100Mbps"));
    ptph39.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("20ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp39 = ptph39.Install(nodes39);
    /* SOTTORETE PTP Node 4,9 */
    NodeContainer nodes49;
    nodes49.Add(allNodes.Get(4));
    nodes49.Add(allNodes.Get(9));
    PointToPointHelper ptph49;
    ptph49.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("100Mbps"));
    ptph49.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("20ms"));
    NetDeviceContainer ptp49 = ptph49.Install(nodes49);

    // Reti CSMA
    /* SOTTORETE CSMA Nodi 3,4 */
    NodeContainer nodes34;
    nodes34.Add(allNodes.Get(3));
    nodes34.Add(allNodes.Get(4));
    CsmaHelper csmah34;
    csmah34.SetChannelAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("10Mbps"));
    csmah34.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", TimeValue(MicroSeconds(200)));
    NetDeviceContainer csma34 = csmah34.Install(nodes34);

    /* SOTTORETE CSMA Nodi 5,6,7,8 */
    NodeContainer nodes5678;
    nodes5678.Add(allNodes.Get(5));
    nodes5678.Add(allNodes.Get(6));
    nodes5678.Add(allNodes.Get(7));
    nodes5678.Add(allNodes.Get(8));
    CsmaHelper csmah5678;
    csmah5678.SetChannelAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("5Mbps"));
    csmah5678.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", TimeValue(MicroSeconds(20)));
    NetDeviceContainer csma5678 = csmah5678.Install(nodes5678);

    // Rete Wi-Fi AARF 802.11g
    /*
    Wi-Fi operating in Infrastructure mode, AP is stationary, Stations nodes move with random walk mobility pattern over a bounded square of 30 meters for each side
    */
    // Channel
    // AP
    NodeContainer wifiApNode;
    wifiApNode.Add(allNodes.Get(9));

    // Station devices (e.g. laptops)
    NodeContainer wifiStaNodes;
    wifiStaNodes.Add(allNodes.Get(10));
    wifiStaNodes.Add(allNodes.Get(11));
    wifiStaNodes.Add(allNodes.Get(12));
    wifiStaNodes.Add(allNodes.Get(13));
    wifiStaNodes.Add(allNodes.Get(14));
    wifiStaNodes.Add(allNodes.Get(15));

    YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();
    YansWifiPhyHelper phy;
    phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());

    WifiHelper wifi;
    wifi.SetStandard (WIFI_STANDARD_80211g);
    wifi.SetRemoteStationManager("ns3::AarfWifiManager");
    // you can do in this way if you want to set a constant data rate
    //wifi.SetRemoteStationManager("ns3::ConstantRateWifiManager", "DataMode", StringValue("OfdmRate6Mbps"));
    WifiMacHelper mac;
    // Infrastructure Mode
    Ssid ssid = Ssid("2001600");
    // Stations
    NetDeviceContainer staDevices;
    mac.SetType("ns3::StaWifiMac", "Ssid", SsidValue(ssid), "ActiveProbing", BooleanValue(false));
    staDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, wifiStaNodes);
    // AP
    NetDeviceContainer apDevice;
    mac.SetType("ns3::ApWifiMac", "Ssid", SsidValue(ssid));
    apDevice = wifi.Install(phy, mac, wifiApNode);

    // Mobility helper
    MobilityHelper mobility;
    // Actually needed?
    /*mobility.SetPositionAllocator("ns3::GridPositionAllocator",
                                  "MinX",
                                  DoubleValue(0.0),
                                  "MinY",
                                  DoubleValue(0.0),
                                  "DeltaX",
                                  DoubleValue(5.0),
                                  "DeltaY",
                                  DoubleValue(10.0),
                                  "GridWidth",
                                  UintegerValue(3),
                                  "LayoutType",
                                  StringValue("RowFirst"));*/
    // Stations move with random walk over a square of 30 meters each side
    mobility.SetMobilityModel("ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel",
                              "Bounds",
                              RectangleValue(Rectangle(-15, 15, -15, 15)));
    mobility.Install(wifiStaNodes);
    // AP is stationary
    mobility.SetMobilityModel("ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel");
    mobility.Install(wifiApNode);
    /* ----- End of subnets setup*/


    /* ######################################################## */
    /* ---- ROUTING ----- */
    // InternetStackHelper for everyone!
    InternetStackHelper stack;
    stack.Install(allNodes);

    // Assign IP address to subnets
    Ipv4AddressHelper address;

    // nodes 2,4
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.44"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.0.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp24;
    ipptp24 = address.Assign(ptp24);

    // nodes 4,5
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.40"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.1.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp45;
    ipptp45 = address.Assign(ptp45);

    // nodes 3,4
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.36"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.2.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer icsma34;
    icsma34 = address.Assign(csma34);

    // nodes 4,9
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.32"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.3.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp49;
    ipptp49 = address.Assign(ptp49);

    // nodes 0,2
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.52"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.4.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp02;
    ipptp02 = address.Assign(ptp02);

    // nodes 1,2
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.48"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.5.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp12;
    ipptp12 = address.Assign(ptp12);

    // nodes 3,5
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.24"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.8.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp35;
    ipptp35 = address.Assign(ptp35);

    // nodes 3,9
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.28"), "255.225.255.252"); // 10.1.7.0/30
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer ipptp39;
    ipptp39 = address.Assign(ptp39);

    // csma nodes
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.16"), "255.225.255.248"); // 10.1.9.0/29
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer icsma5678;
    icsma5678 = address.Assign(csma5678);

    // wifi nodes
    address.SetBase(Ipv4Address("10.1.4.0"), "255.225.255.240"); // 10.1.9.0/28
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer iStations = address.Assign(staDevices);
    Ipv4InterfaceContainer iAp = address.Assign(apDevice);

    // Set up Routing Table
    Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables();

    /* ######################################################## */
    /* APPLICATIONS */

    /* ----- Start of TCP Burst ----- */
    // Server 0 packet sink
    // TCP burst traffic of 1821 B for each packet starting at 1.15 s
	// Sender: Node 11	Receiver: Server 0
    int port0 = 5000;
    int port1 = 5001;
    // Server 0 that will receive from node 11
    Address server0_address1(InetSocketAddress(ipptp02.GetAddress(0), port0));
    PacketSinkHelper sinkHelper0_1("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", server0_address1);
    ApplicationContainer server0_app1 = sinkHelper0_1.Install(nodes02.Get(0));
    server0_app1.Start(Seconds(0));
    // Server 0 that will receive from node 15
    Address server0_address2(InetSocketAddress(ipptp02.GetAddress(0), port1));
    PacketSinkHelper sinkHelper0_2("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", server0_address2);
    ApplicationContainer server0_app2 = sinkHelper0_2.Install(nodes02.Get(0));
    server0_app2.Start(Seconds(0));
    // Server 1 that will receive from node 10
    Address server1_address(InetSocketAddress(ipptp12.GetAddress(0), port0));
    PacketSinkHelper sinkHelper1("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", server1_address);
    ApplicationContainer server1_app = sinkHelper1.Install(nodes12.Get(0));
    server1_app.Start(Seconds(0));

    // Node 11 that sends to server 0
    OnOffHelper onOffHelper_11("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", iStations.GetAddress(1));
    onOffHelper_11.SetAttribute("OnTime", StringValue("ns3::ExponentialRandomVariable[Mean=1]"));
    onOffHelper_11.SetAttribute("OffTime", StringValue("ns3::ExponentialRandomVariable[Mean=1]"));   
    onOffHelper_11.SetAttribute("PacketSize", UintegerValue(1821));
    AddressValue address0_11(InetSocketAddress(ipptp02.GetAddress(0), port0));
    onOffHelper_11.SetAttribute("Remote", address0_11);
    onOffHelper_11.SetAttribute("StartTime", StringValue("1.15s"));
    ApplicationContainer node11_app;
    node11_app.Add(onOffHelper_11.Install(wifiStaNodes.Get(1)));
    node11_app.Start(Seconds(1.15));
    // Node 15 that sends to server 1
    OnOffHelper onOffHelper_10("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", iStations.GetAddress(0));
    onOffHelper_10.SetAttribute("OnTime", StringValue("ns3::ExponentialRandomVariable[Mean=1]"));
    onOffHelper_10.SetAttribute("OffTime", StringValue("ns3::ExponentialRandomVariable[Mean=1]"));   
    onOffHelper_10.SetAttribute("PacketSize", UintegerValue(1829));
    AddressValue address0_10(InetSocketAddress(InetSocketAddress(ipptp12.GetAddress(0), port0)));
    onOffHelper_10.SetAttribute("StartTime", StringValue("3.39s"));
    onOffHelper_10.SetAttribute("Remote", address0_10);
    ApplicationContainer node10_app;
    node10_app.Add(onOffHelper_10.Install(wifiStaNodes.Get(0)));
    node10_app.Start(Seconds(3.39));
    // Node 15 that sends to server 0
    OnOffHelper onOffHelper_15("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", iStations.GetAddress(5));
    onOffHelper_15.SetAttribute("OnTime", StringValue("ns3::ExponentialRandomVariable[Mean=1]"));
    onOffHelper_15.SetAttribute("OffTime", StringValue("ns3::ExponentialRandomVariable[Mean=1]"));   
    onOffHelper_15.SetAttribute("PacketSize", UintegerValue(1099));
    AddressValue address0_15(InetSocketAddress(ipptp02.GetAddress(0), port1));
    onOffHelper_15.SetAttribute("StartTime", StringValue("3.71s"));
    onOffHelper_15.SetAttribute("Remote", address0_15);
    ApplicationContainer node15_app;
    node15_app.Add(onOffHelper_15.Install(wifiStaNodes.Get(5)));
    node15_app.Start(Seconds(3.71));
    /* ----- End of TCP Burst ----- */

    /* ----- Start of UDP Echo ----- */
    // UDP Echo application with Client 13 and Server 3
    // Size of packet: 1477 Bytes	Periodicity: 20ms	MaxPackets: 250

    // UDP Echo server
    UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9); // UDP server on port 9
    ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(allNodes.Get(3));
    serverApps.Start(Seconds(0.0));

    // UDP Echo client
    // UDP client targeting server 3 using the IP of the interface connected to the wifi ap
    UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(ipptp39.GetAddress(0), 9);
    echoClient.SetAttribute("MaxPackets", UintegerValue(250));
    echoClient.SetAttribute("Interval", TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));
    echoClient.SetAttribute("PacketSize", UintegerValue(1447));

    ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(allNodes.Get(13));
    echoClient.SetFill(clientApps.Get(0), "Giulia,Battioni,1986870,Emanuele,Coletta,2001600,Federico,Corsale,1985903,Francesco,Maura,2017683,Marco,Totaro,1871834");
    clientApps.Start(Seconds(0.0));
    /* ----- End of UDP Echo ----- */

    
    /* ######################################################## */
    /* ----- Start of PCAP Tracing ----- */
    // Only tracing switches, routers and wifi ap
    // Using promiscous mode
    if(tracing){
        ptph24.EnablePcap("task-2-subnet24", ptp24.Get(0), true);
        ptph24.EnablePcap("task-4-subnet24", ptp24.Get(1), true);
        ptph49.EnablePcap("task-4-subnet49", ptp49.Get(0), true);
        ptph49.EnablePcap("task-9-subnet49", ptp49.Get(1), true);
        ptph39.EnablePcap("task-3-subnet39", ptp39.Get(0), true);
        ptph39.EnablePcap("task-9-subnet39", ptp39.Get(1), true);
        ptph45.EnablePcap("task-4-subnet45", ptp45.Get(0), true);
        ptph45.EnablePcap("task-5-subnet45", ptp45.Get(1), true);
        ptph35.EnablePcap("task-3-subnet35", ptp35.Get(0), true);
        ptph35.EnablePcap("task-5-subnet35", ptp35.Get(1), true);
        phy.EnablePcap("task-9-wifi", apDevice, true);
    }    
    /* ----- End of PCAP Tracing ----- */


    /* ######################################################## */
    // Max simulation time: 15s
    Simulator::Stop(Seconds(15));

    Simulator::Run();
    Simulator::Destroy();

    return 0;
}


NetDeviceContainer createCSMA(NodeContainer nodes, StringValue DataRate, StringValue Delay){
    CsmaHelper csma;
    csma.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", DataRate);
    csma.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", Delay);
    return csma.Install(nodes);

}