shaders: fix rotated textures on x axis

Reviewed-on: #14

.gitignore

@@ -9,3 +9,5 @@ gmon.out*
 cscope*
 test.cpp
 a.out
+*screenshot*
+imgui.ini

.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "lib/imgui"]
+	path = lib/imgui
+	url = https://github.com/ocornut/imgui/

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.2)
 
 project(cmake-project-template)
 
-set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
-set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -O3")
+set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++17 -O3")
 #set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11 -g")
 
 set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})

include/block.hpp

@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@ enum class Block{
     AIR,
     STONE,
     DIRT,
-    GRASS
+    GRASS,
+    WOOD,
+    LEAVES
 };
 
 #endif

include/camera.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ public:
 
 	// This matrix needs to be also updated in viewPortCallback whenever it is changed
         projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(90.0f), 800.0f / 600.0f, 0.1f, 1200.0f);
+
+	posX = cameraPos.x;
+	posY = cameraPos.y;
+	posZ = cameraPos.z;
     }
 
     void update(GLFWwindow *window, float deltaTime)
@@ -112,7 +116,7 @@ public:
 
 
 private:
-    glm::vec3 cameraPos = glm::vec3(256.0, 80.0f, 256.0f);
+    glm::vec3 cameraPos = glm::vec3(512.0, 80.0f, 512.0f);
     glm::vec3 cameraFront = glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
     glm::vec3 cameraUp = glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
     glm::vec3 direction = glm::vec3(0.0f);

include/chunk.hpp

@@ -20,16 +20,27 @@
 #define CHUNK_VOLUME (CHUNK_SIZE * CHUNK_SIZE * CHUNK_SIZE)
 #define CHUNK_MAX_INDEX (CHUNK_VOLUME - 1)
 
+// int32_t is fine, since i'm limiting the coordinate to only use up to ten bits (1023). There's actually two spare bits
+typedef int32_t chunk_index_t;
+typedef int16_t chunk_intcoord_t;
+typedef uint16_t chunk_state_t;
+
 namespace Chunk
 {
 
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED = 1;
+    chunk_index_t calculateIndex(chunk_intcoord_t i, chunk_intcoord_t j, chunk_intcoord_t k);
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_MESHED = 2;
+    chunk_index_t calculateIndex(glm::vec3 pos);
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_MESH_LOADED = 4;
+
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_LOADED = 8;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED = 1;
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION = 16;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_MESHED = 2;
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_UNLOADED = 32;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_MESH_LOADED = 4;
-    constexpr uint8_t CHUNK_STATE_EMPTY = 64;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_LOADED = 8;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION = 16;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_UNLOADED = 32;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_EMPTY = 64;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_IN_GENERATION_QUEUE = 128;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_IN_MESHING_QUEUE = 256;
+    constexpr chunk_state_t CHUNK_STATE_IN_DELETING_QUEUE = 512;
 
     int coord3DTo1D(int x, int y, int z);
 
@@ -41,13 +52,15 @@ namespace Chunk
         ~Chunk();
 
     public:
-	void createBuffers();
-	void deleteBuffers();
-
         glm::vec3 getPosition() { return this->position; }
-        uint8_t getTotalState() { return this->state; }
+        void setState(chunk_state_t nstate, bool value);
-        bool getState(uint8_t n) { return (this->state & n) == n; }
+        bool getState(chunk_state_t n) { return (this->state & n) == n; }
-        void setState(uint8_t nstate, bool value);
+	bool isFree(){ return !(
+		this->getState(CHUNK_STATE_IN_GENERATION_QUEUE) ||
+		this->getState(CHUNK_STATE_IN_MESHING_QUEUE) ||
+		this->getState(CHUNK_STATE_IN_DELETING_QUEUE)
+		); }
+        chunk_state_t getTotalState() { return this->state; }
 
         void setBlock(Block b, int x, int y, int z);
         void setBlocks(int start, int end, Block b);
@@ -56,14 +69,15 @@ namespace Chunk
 	std::unique_ptr<Block[]> getBlocksArray(int* len) { return (this->blocks.toArray(len)); }
 
     public:
-        GLuint VAO{0}, VBO{0}, extentsBuffer{0}, texinfoBuffer{0}, numVertices{0};
 	std::atomic<float> unload_timer{0};
+	chunk_index_t getIndex(){ return this->index; }
 
     private:
         glm::vec3 position{};
         IntervalMap<Block> blocks{};
         
-	std::atomic_uint8_t state{0};
+	std::atomic<chunk_state_t> state{0};
+	chunk_index_t index;
     };
 };
 

include/chunkmanager.hpp

@@ -1,28 +1,41 @@
 #ifndef CHUNKMANAGER_H
 #define CHUNKMANAGER_H
 
+#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_hash_map.h>
+#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_queue.h>
+#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_priority_queue.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include "chunk.hpp"
+#include "globals.hpp"
+#include "worldupdatemessage.h"
+
 // Seconds to be passed outside of render distance for a chunk to be destroyed
 #define UNLOAD_TIMEOUT 10
 
-#include <thread>
+#define	MESHING_PRIORITY_NORMAL 0
-
+#define MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT 10
-#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_queue.h>
+#define GENERATION_PRIORITY_NORMAL 0
-
-#include "chunk.hpp"
-#include "globals.hpp"
 
 namespace chunkmanager
 {
-    std::thread init();
+    typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_hash_map<chunk_index_t, Chunk::Chunk*> ChunkTable;
-    void blockpick(bool place);
+    typedef std::pair<Chunk::Chunk*, uint8_t> ChunkPQEntry;
-    uint32_t calculateIndex(uint16_t i, uint16_t j, uint16_t k);
+    // The comparing function to use
+    struct compare_f {
+	bool operator()(const ChunkPQEntry& u, const ChunkPQEntry& v) const {
+	    return u.second > v.second;
+	}
+    };
+    typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_priority_queue<ChunkPQEntry, compare_f> ChunkPriorityQueue;
 
+    void init();
+    void update();
     void stop();
     void destroy();
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<Chunk::Chunk*>& getDeleteVector();
+    WorldUpdateMsgQueue& getWorldUpdateQueue();
-    std::array<std::array<int, 3>, chunks_volume>& getChunksIndices();
+    std::array<std::array<chunk_intcoord_t, 3>, chunks_volume>& getChunksIndices();
     Block getBlockAtPos(int x, int y, int z);
-    void update();
 }
 
 #endif

include/chunkmeshdata.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef CHUNK_MESH_DATA_H
+#define CHUNK_MESH_DATA_H
+
+#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_queue.h>
+#include "chunk.hpp"
+
+enum class ChunkMeshDataType{
+    MESH_UPDATE
+};
+
+typedef struct ChunkMeshData{
+    chunk_index_t index;
+    glm::vec3 position;
+    int num_vertices = 0;
+
+    std::vector<GLfloat> vertices;
+    std::vector<GLfloat> extents;
+    std::vector<GLfloat> texinfo;
+    
+    ChunkMeshDataType message_type;
+
+    void clear(){
+	vertices.clear();
+	texinfo.clear();
+	extents.clear();
+	index = 0;
+	position = glm::vec3(0);
+	num_vertices = 0;
+    }
+
+}ChunkMeshData;
+typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<ChunkMeshData*> ChunkMeshDataQueue;
+
+
+#endif
+

include/chunkmesher.hpp

@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <glad/glad.h>
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
 #include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
 #include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_queue.h>
 
 #include "chunk.hpp"
+#include "chunkmeshdata.hpp"
 #include "globals.hpp"
 #include "shader.hpp"
 
@@ -17,17 +19,16 @@ namespace chunkmesher{
 	Chunk::Chunk* chunk; 
 	GLuint numVertices{0};
 
-	std::vector<GLubyte> vertices;
+	std::vector<GLfloat> vertices;
-	std::vector<GLubyte> extents;
+	std::vector<GLfloat> extents;
-	std::vector<GLubyte> texinfo;
+	std::vector<GLfloat> texinfo;
     };
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<MeshData*>& getMeshDataQueue();
 
+    ChunkMeshDataQueue& getMeshDataQueue();
+    void init();
     void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk);
-    void sendtogpu(MeshData* mesh_data);
-    void quad(MeshData* mesh_data, glm::vec3 bottomLeft, glm::vec3 topLeft, glm::vec3 topRight,
-	    glm::vec3 bottomRight, glm::vec3 normal, Block block, int dim, bool backFace);
 }
 
 
 #endif
+

include/controls.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef CONTROLS_H
+#define CONTROLS_H
+
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+#define BLOCKPICK_TIMEOUT 0.1f
+
+namespace controls{
+    void init();
+    void update(GLFWwindow* window);
+};
+
+#endif

include/debugwindow.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef DEBUG_WINDOW_H
+#define DEBUG_WINDOW_H
+
+#include <any>
+#include <string>
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+namespace debug{
+    namespace window {
+	void init(GLFWwindow* window);
+	void prerender();
+	void render();
+	void destroy();
+
+	void set_parameter(std::string key, std::any value);
+    }
+}
+
+#endif

include/globals.hpp

@@ -13,9 +13,13 @@
 #define RENDER_DISTANCE 16
 
 extr Camera theCamera;
-constexpr int chunks_volume = static_cast<int>(1.333333333333*M_PI*(RENDER_DISTANCE*RENDER_DISTANCE*RENDER_DISTANCE));
+// the cube spans in both directions, to each axis has to be multiplied by 2. 2^3=8
+constexpr int chunks_volume = 8*(RENDER_DISTANCE*RENDER_DISTANCE*RENDER_DISTANCE);
 extr bool wireframe;
 
+extr float sines[360];
+extr float cosines[360];
+
 extr uint32_t MORTON_XYZ_ENCODE[CHUNK_SIZE][CHUNK_SIZE][CHUNK_SIZE];
 extr uint32_t MORTON_XYZ_DECODE[CHUNK_VOLUME][3];
 extr uint32_t HILBERT_XYZ_ENCODE[CHUNK_SIZE][CHUNK_SIZE][CHUNK_SIZE];

include/main.hpp

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #ifndef MAIN_H
 #define MAIN_H
 
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
 void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow *, int, int);
 void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow *window, double xpos, double ypos);
-void processInput(GLFWwindow *);
 
 #endif

include/renderer.hpp

@@ -6,18 +6,56 @@
 
 #include "chunk.hpp"
 #include "chunkmesher.hpp"
+#include "chunkmeshdata.hpp"
 #include "shader.hpp"
 
 namespace renderer{
-    typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_unordered_set<Chunk::Chunk*> RenderSet;
+    typedef struct RenderInfo {
+	chunk_index_t index;
+	int num_vertices;
+	glm::vec3 position;
+	bool buffers_allocated=false;
 
-    void init();
+	GLuint VAO, VBO, extentsBuffer, texinfoBuffer;
+
+	void allocateBuffers(){
+	    // Allocate buffers
+	    glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
+	    glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
+	    glGenBuffers(1, &extentsBuffer);
+	    glGenBuffers(1, &texinfoBuffer);
+
+	    buffers_allocated=true;
+	}
+
+	void deallocateBuffers(){
+	    // Allocate buffers
+	    glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
+	    glDeleteBuffers(1, &extentsBuffer);
+	    glDeleteBuffers(1, &texinfoBuffer);
+	    glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
+
+	    buffers_allocated=false;
+	}
+    } RenderInfo;
+
+    typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<int32_t> IndexQueue;
+
+    void init(GLFWwindow* window);
+    void send_chunk_to_gpu(ChunkMeshData* mesh_data, RenderInfo* render_info);
     void render();
+    void resize_framebuffer(int width, int height);
+    void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow *window, int width, int height);
     void destroy();
+
+    void saveScreenshot(bool forceFullHD=false);
+
     Shader* getRenderShader();
-    RenderSet& getChunksToRender();
+    ChunkMeshDataQueue& getMeshDataQueue();
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<chunkmesher::MeshData*>& getMeshDataQueue();
+    IndexQueue& getDeleteIndexQueue();
+
 
 };
 
 #endif
+

include/shader.hpp

@@ -34,60 +34,70 @@ public:
         gShaderFile.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit | std::ifstream::badbit);
         try
         {
+            std::stringstream vShaderStream, fShaderStream, gShaderStream;
+	    if(geometryPath){
+		gShaderFile.open(geometryPath);
+		gShaderStream << gShaderFile.rdbuf();
+		gShaderFile.close();
+		geometryCode = gShaderStream.str();
+	    }
+
             // open files
             vShaderFile.open(vertexPath);
             fShaderFile.open(fragmentPath);
-            gShaderFile.open(geometryPath);
-            std::stringstream vShaderStream, fShaderStream, gShaderStream;
             // read file's buffer contents into streams
             vShaderStream << vShaderFile.rdbuf();
             fShaderStream << fShaderFile.rdbuf();
-            gShaderStream << gShaderFile.rdbuf();
             // close file handlers
             vShaderFile.close();
             fShaderFile.close();
-            gShaderFile.close();
             // convert stream into string
             vertexCode = vShaderStream.str();
             fragmentCode = fShaderStream.str();
-	    geometryCode = gShaderStream.str();
         }
         catch (std::ifstream::failure &e)
         {
             std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FILE_NOT_SUCCESFULLY_READ: " << e.what() << std::endl;
         }
-        const char *vShaderCode = vertexCode.c_str();
+        // shader Program
-        const char *fShaderCode = fragmentCode.c_str();
+        ID = glCreateProgram();
-        const char *gShaderCode = geometryCode.c_str();
-        // 2. compile shaders
         unsigned int vertex, fragment, geometry;
-        // vertex shader
+
-        vertex = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
-        glShaderSource(vertex, 1, &vShaderCode, NULL);
-        glCompileShader(vertex);
-        checkCompileErrors(vertex, "VERTEX");
-        // fragment Shader
-        fragment = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
-        glShaderSource(fragment, 1, &fShaderCode, NULL);
-        glCompileShader(fragment);
-        checkCompileErrors(fragment, "FRAGMENT");
 	// geometry shader
+	if(geometryPath){
+	    const char *gShaderCode = geometryCode.c_str();
 	    geometry = glCreateShader(GL_GEOMETRY_SHADER);
 	    glShaderSource(geometry, 1, &gShaderCode, NULL);
 	    glCompileShader(geometry);
 	    checkCompileErrors(geometry, "GEOMETRY");
 
-        // shader Program
-        ID = glCreateProgram();
-        glAttachShader(ID, vertex);
-        glAttachShader(ID, fragment);
 	    glAttachShader(ID, geometry);
+	}
+    
+        // vertex shader
+        const char *vShaderCode = vertexCode.c_str();
+        vertex = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
+        glShaderSource(vertex, 1, &vShaderCode, NULL);
+        glCompileShader(vertex);
+        checkCompileErrors(vertex, "VERTEX");
+        glAttachShader(ID, vertex);
+
+        // fragment Shader
+        const char *fShaderCode = fragmentCode.c_str();
+        fragment = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
+        glShaderSource(fragment, 1, &fShaderCode, NULL);
+        glCompileShader(fragment);
+        checkCompileErrors(fragment, "FRAGMENT");
+        glAttachShader(ID, fragment);
+	
+	// Constructu the program
         glLinkProgram(ID);
         checkCompileErrors(ID, "PROGRAM");
+
         // delete the shaders as they're linked into our program now and no longer necessary
         glDeleteShader(vertex);
         glDeleteShader(fragment);
-        glDeleteShader(geometry);
+        if(geometryPath) glDeleteShader(geometry);
     }
     // activate the shader
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

include/worldupdatemessage.h

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#ifndef WORLD_UPDATE_MSG_H
+#define WORLD_UPDATE_MSG_H
+
+#include <glm/glm.hpp>
+#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_queue.h>
+
+#include "block.hpp"
+
+enum class WorldUpdateMsgType{
+    BLOCKPICK_PLACE,
+    BLOCKPICK_BREAK
+};
+
+typedef struct WorldUpdateMsg{
+    WorldUpdateMsgType msg_type;
+    glm::vec3 cameraPos;
+    glm::vec3 cameraFront;
+    float time;
+    Block block;
+} WorldUpdateMsg;
+
+typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<WorldUpdateMsg> WorldUpdateMsgQueue;
+
+#endif

lib/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 add_subdirectory(glad)
 add_subdirectory(glm)
+add_subdirectory(imgui)

lib/imgui

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit 6addf28c4b5d8fd109a6db73bed6436952b230b2

shaders/shader-quad.fs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#version 330 core
+
+in vec2 TexCoord;
+out vec4 FragColor;
+
+uniform sampler2D renderTex;
+uniform int screenWidth;
+uniform int screenHeight;
+uniform int crosshairType;
+
+void main(){
+    float crosshair_alpha = 0.8;
+
+    float dist = length(gl_FragCoord.xy-vec2(screenWidth/2, screenHeight/2));
+
+    FragColor = texture(renderTex, TexCoord);
+    /*float crosshair_color = (FragColor.x + FragColor.y + FragColor.z) / 3;
+    /*if(crosshair_color <= 0.5) crosshair_color = 1.0;
+    /*else crosshair_color = 0.0;*/
+    float crosshair_color = 1.0;
+
+    if(dist <= 7){
+	if( (crosshairType == 0 && dist >= 5) ||
+		(crosshairType == 1 && ( int(gl_FragCoord.x) == int(screenWidth / 2) ||
+		 int(gl_FragCoord.y) == int(screenHeight / 2)) )
+	    ) FragColor = vec4(vec3(crosshair_color), crosshair_alpha);
+	}
+}

shaders/shader-quad.vs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#version 330 core
+
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
+layout (location = 1) in vec2 aTexCoord;
+
+out vec2 TexCoord;
+
+void main()
+{
+    TexCoord = aTexCoord;
+    gl_Position = vec4(aPos, 1.0);
+}

shaders/shader-texture.fs

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ void main(){
     // Load the texture
     // anti-gamma-correction of the texture. Without this it would be gamma corrected twice!
     vec3 vColor = pow(texture(textureArray, TexCoord).rgb, vec3(gamma));
+    if(TexCoord.z == 4) vColor = vColor * normalize(vec3(10, 250, 10));
     
     vec3 normal = normalize(Normal);
 

shaders/shader-texture.gs

@@ -26,29 +26,30 @@ void main(){
     EmitVertex();
 
     if(gs_in[0].Extents.x == 0){
-	TexCoord = vec3(0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.z, gs_in[0].BlockType);
+
+	TexCoord = vec3(gs_in[0].Extents.z, 0.0,  gs_in[0].BlockType);
 	gl_Position = gl_in[0].gl_Position + vec4(0.0, 0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.z, 0.0);
 	FragPos = vec3(gl_Position);
 	gl_Position = projection * view * gl_Position;
 	EmitVertex();
 
-	TexCoord = vec3(gs_in[0].Extents.y, 0.0,  gs_in[0].BlockType);
+	TexCoord = vec3(0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.y, gs_in[0].BlockType);
 	gl_Position = gl_in[0].gl_Position + vec4(0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.y, 0.0, 0.0);
 	FragPos = vec3(gl_Position);
 	gl_Position = projection * view * gl_Position;
 	EmitVertex();
 
-	TexCoord = vec3(gs_in[0].Extents.y, gs_in[0].Extents.z,  gs_in[0].BlockType);
+	TexCoord = vec3(gs_in[0].Extents.z, gs_in[0].Extents.y,  gs_in[0].BlockType);
     }
     else if(gs_in[0].Extents.y == 0){
-	TexCoord = vec3(0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.z, gs_in[0].BlockType);
+	TexCoord = vec3(gs_in[0].Extents.x, 0.0, gs_in[0].BlockType);
-	gl_Position = gl_in[0].gl_Position + vec4(0.0, 0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.z, 0.0);
+	gl_Position = gl_in[0].gl_Position + vec4(gs_in[0].Extents.x, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
 	FragPos = vec3(gl_Position);
 	gl_Position = projection * view * gl_Position;
 	EmitVertex();
 
-	TexCoord = vec3(gs_in[0].Extents.x, 0.0, gs_in[0].BlockType);
+	TexCoord = vec3(0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.z, gs_in[0].BlockType);
-	gl_Position = gl_in[0].gl_Position + vec4(gs_in[0].Extents.x, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
+	gl_Position = gl_in[0].gl_Position + vec4(0.0, 0.0, gs_in[0].Extents.z, 0.0);
 	FragPos = vec3(gl_Position);
 	gl_Position = projection * view * gl_Position;
 	EmitVertex();

shaders/shader-texture.vs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 #version 330 core
 
-layout (location = 0) in uvec3 aPos;
+layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
-layout (location = 1) in uvec3 aExtents;
+layout (location = 1) in vec3 aExtents;
-layout (location = 2) in uvec2 aInfo;
+layout (location = 2) in vec2 aInfo;
 
 uniform mat4 model;
 
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ void main()
     vs_out.Extents = aExtents;
     vs_out.BlockType = aInfo.y;
 
-    if(aExtents.x == 0.0) vs_out.Normal = vec3(1.0 - 2.0*aInfo.x, 0.0, 0.0);
+    if(aExtents.x == 0) vs_out.Normal = vec3(1.0 - 2*aInfo.x, 0.0, 0.0);
-    else if(aExtents.y == 0.0) vs_out.Normal = vec3(0.0, 1.0 - 2.0*aInfo.x, 0.0);
+    else if(aExtents.y == 0) vs_out.Normal = vec3(0.0, 1.0 - 2*aInfo.x, 0.0);
-    else vs_out.Normal = vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0 - 2.0*aInfo.x);
+    else vs_out.Normal = vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0 - 2*aInfo.x);
     vs_out.Normal = mat3(transpose(inverse(model))) * vs_out.Normal;
 
     gl_Position = model * vec4(aPos, 1.0);

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.2)
 project(OpenGLTest)
 
-set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp chunk.cpp chunkmanager.cpp chunkmesher.cpp chunkgenerator.cpp renderer.cpp spacefilling.cpp stb_image.cpp utils.cpp OpenSimplexNoise.cpp)
+set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp controls.cpp chunk.cpp chunkmanager.cpp chunkmesher.cpp chunkgenerator.cpp
+	debugwindow.cpp renderer.cpp spacefilling.cpp stb_image.cpp utils.cpp OpenSimplexNoise.cpp)
 
 add_executable(OpenGLTest ${SOURCE_FILES})
 
-target_link_libraries(OpenGLTest glfw tbb glad glm)
+target_link_libraries(OpenGLTest glfw tbb glad glm imgui)
 install(TARGETS OpenGLTest DESTINATION ${DIVISIBLE_INSTALL_BIN_DIR})

src/chunk.cpp

@@ -15,32 +15,27 @@ namespace Chunk
         return utils::coord3DTo1D(x, y, z, CHUNK_SIZE, CHUNK_SIZE, CHUNK_SIZE);
     }
 
+    chunk_index_t calculateIndex(glm::vec3 pos){
+	return calculateIndex(static_cast<chunk_intcoord_t>(pos.x), static_cast<chunk_intcoord_t>(pos.y),
+		static_cast<chunk_intcoord_t>(pos.z));
+    }
+
+    chunk_index_t calculateIndex(chunk_intcoord_t i, chunk_intcoord_t j, chunk_intcoord_t k){
+	 return i | (j << 10) | (k << 20); 
+    }
+
     Chunk::Chunk(glm::vec3 pos)
     {
         this->position = pos;
         this->setState(CHUNK_STATE_EMPTY, true);
 	this->setBlocks(0, CHUNK_MAX_INDEX, Block::AIR);
+	this->index = calculateIndex(pos);
     }
 
     Chunk ::~Chunk()
     {
     }
 
-    void Chunk::createBuffers(){
-	glGenVertexArrays(1, &(this->VAO));
-	glGenBuffers(1, &(this->VBO));
-	glGenBuffers(1, &(this->extentsBuffer));
-	glGenBuffers(1, &(this->texinfoBuffer));
-
-    }
-
-    void Chunk::deleteBuffers(){
-	glDeleteBuffers(1, &(this->VBO));
-	glDeleteBuffers(1, &(this->extentsBuffer));
-	glDeleteBuffers(1, &(this->texinfoBuffer));
-        glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &(this->VAO));
-    }
-
     Block Chunk::getBlock(int x, int y, int z)
     {
 	if(x < 0 || y < 0 || z < 0 || x > CHUNK_SIZE -1 || y > CHUNK_SIZE -1 || z > CHUNK_SIZE-1 ||
@@ -59,7 +54,7 @@ namespace Chunk
         this->blocks.insert(start < 0 ? 0 : start, end >= CHUNK_VOLUME ? CHUNK_VOLUME : end, b);
     }
 
-    void Chunk::setState(uint8_t nstate, bool value)
+    void Chunk::setState(chunk_state_t nstate, bool value)
     {
         if (value)
 	    this->state.fetch_or(nstate);

src/chunkgenerator.cpp

@@ -9,62 +9,111 @@
 #include "utils.hpp"
 
 #define GRASS_OFFSET 40
-#define NOISE_GRASS_MULT 20
+#define NOISE_GRASS_MULT 30
 #define NOISE_DIRT_MULT 3
-#define NOISE_DIRT_MIN 2
+#define NOISE_DIRT_MIN 3
 #define NOISE_DIRT_X_MULT 0.001f
 #define NOISE_DIRT_Z_MULT 0.001f
 #define NOISE_GRASS_X_MULT 0.018f
 #define NOISE_GRASS_Z_MULT 0.018f
+#define NOISE_TREE_X_MULT 0.01f
+#define NOISE_TREE_Z_MULT 0.01f
+
+#define LEAVES_RADIUS 3
+#define WOOD_CELL_SIZE 13
+#define WOOD_CELL_CENTER 7
+#define TREE_STANDARD_HEIGHT 7
+#define TREE_HEIGHT_VARIATION 2
+#define WOOD_CELL_BORDER (LEAVES_RADIUS-1)
+#define WOOD_MAX_OFFSET (WOOD_CELL_SIZE-WOOD_CELL_CENTER-WOOD_CELL_BORDER)
 
-void generatePyramid(Chunk::Chunk *chunk);
 void generateNoise(Chunk::Chunk *chunk);
 void generateNoise3D(Chunk::Chunk *chunk);
-
+double evaluateNoise(OpenSimplexNoise::Noise noiseGen, double x, double y, double amplitude, double
-void generateChunk(Chunk::Chunk *chunk)
+	frequency, double persistence, double lacunarity, int octaves);
-{
+struct TreeCellInfo evaluateTreeCell(int wcx, int wcz);
-    generateNoise(chunk);
-}
-
-Block block;
 
 std::random_device dev;
 std::mt19937 mt(dev());
 OpenSimplexNoise::Noise noiseGen1(mt());
 OpenSimplexNoise::Noise noiseGen2(mt());
+OpenSimplexNoise::Noise noiseGenWood(mt());
 
+// Trees are generated by virtually dividing the world into cells. Each cell can contain exactly one
+// tree, with some offset in the position. Having a border in the cell ensures that no trees are generated in
+// adjacent blocks
+// cover CHUNK_SIZE with WOOD_CELLS + 2 cells before and after the chunk
+constexpr int TREE_LUT_SIZE = std::ceil(static_cast<float>(CHUNK_SIZE)/static_cast<float>(WOOD_CELL_SIZE)) + 2;
+// Info on the tree cell to generate
+struct TreeCellInfo{
+    // Cell coordinates (in "tree cell space")
+    int wcx, wcz;
+    // trunk offset from 0,0 in the cell
+    int trunk_x_offset, trunk_z_offset;
+    // Global x,z position of the trunk
+    int trunk_x, trunk_z;
+    // Y of the center of the leaves sphere
+    int leaves_y_pos;
+};
+
+// Lookup tables for generation
 std::array<int, CHUNK_SIZE * CHUNK_SIZE> grassNoiseLUT;
 std::array<int, CHUNK_SIZE * CHUNK_SIZE> dirtNoiseLUT;
+std::array<TreeCellInfo, TREE_LUT_SIZE*TREE_LUT_SIZE> treeLUT;
 
 void generateNoise(Chunk::Chunk *chunk)
 {
+    int cx = chunk->getPosition().x * CHUNK_SIZE;
+    int cy = chunk->getPosition().y * CHUNK_SIZE;
+    int cz = chunk->getPosition().z * CHUNK_SIZE;
+
+    // Precalculate LUTs
+
+    // Terrain LUTs
+    // Noise value at a given (x,z), position represents:
+    // Grass Noise LUT: Height of the terrain: when the grass is placed and the player will stand
+    // Dirt Noise LUT: How many blocks of dirt to place before there is stone
+    // Anything below (grass-level - dirt_height) will be stone
     for (int i = 0; i < grassNoiseLUT.size(); i++)
     {
-        grassNoiseLUT[i] = -1;
+	int bx = i / CHUNK_SIZE;
-        dirtNoiseLUT[i] = -1;
+	int bz = i % CHUNK_SIZE;
+
+	grassNoiseLUT[i] = GRASS_OFFSET + evaluateNoise(noiseGen1, cx+bx, cz+bz, NOISE_GRASS_MULT, 0.01, 0.35, 2.1, 5);
+	dirtNoiseLUT[i] = NOISE_DIRT_MIN + (int)((1 + noiseGen2.eval(cx+bx * NOISE_DIRT_X_MULT,
+			cz+bz * NOISE_DIRT_Z_MULT)) * NOISE_DIRT_MULT);
     }
 
-    Block block_prev{Block::AIR};
+    // Tree LUT
-    int block_prev_start{0};
+    int tree_lut_x_offset = cx / WOOD_CELL_SIZE - 1;
+    int tree_lut_z_offset = cz / WOOD_CELL_SIZE - 1;
 
-    // A space filling curve is continuous, so there is no particular order
+    for(int i = 0; i < TREE_LUT_SIZE; i++)
+	for(int k = 0; k < TREE_LUT_SIZE; k++){
+	    int wcx = (tree_lut_x_offset + i);
+	    int wcz = (tree_lut_z_offset + k);
+	    treeLUT[i * TREE_LUT_SIZE + k] = evaluateTreeCell(wcx, wcz);
+	}
+
+
+    // Generation of terrain
+    // March along the space-filling curve, calculate information about the block at every position
+    // A space-filling curve is continuous, so there is no particular order
+    // Take advantage of the interval-map structure by only inserting contigous runs of blocks
+    Block block_prev{Block::AIR}, block;
+    int block_prev_start{0};
     for (int s = 0; s < CHUNK_VOLUME; s++)
     {
+	int bx = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][0];
+	int by = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][1];
+	int bz = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][2];
+        int x = bx + cx;
+        int y = by + cy;
+        int z = bz + cz;
+        int lut_index = bx * CHUNK_SIZE + bz;
 	
-        int x = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][0] + CHUNK_SIZE * chunk->getPosition().x;
+        int grassNoise = grassNoiseLUT[lut_index];
-        int y = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][1] + CHUNK_SIZE * chunk->getPosition().y;
+        int dirtNoise = dirtNoiseLUT[lut_index];
-        int z = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][2] + CHUNK_SIZE * chunk->getPosition().z;
-        int d2 = HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][0] * CHUNK_SIZE + HILBERT_XYZ_DECODE[s][2];
-
-        if (grassNoiseLUT[d2] == -1){
-            grassNoiseLUT[d2] = GRASS_OFFSET + (int)((0.5 + noiseGen1.eval(x * NOISE_GRASS_X_MULT, z * NOISE_GRASS_Z_MULT) * NOISE_GRASS_MULT));
-	}
-        if (dirtNoiseLUT[d2] == -1){
-            dirtNoiseLUT[d2] = NOISE_DIRT_MIN + (int)((0.5 + noiseGen2.eval(x * NOISE_DIRT_X_MULT, z * NOISE_DIRT_Z_MULT) * NOISE_DIRT_MULT));
-	}
-
-        int grassNoise = grassNoiseLUT[d2];
-        int dirtNoise = dirtNoiseLUT[d2];
         int stoneLevel = grassNoise - dirtNoise;
 
         if (y < stoneLevel)
@@ -76,21 +125,113 @@ void generateNoise(Chunk::Chunk *chunk)
 	    else
             block = Block::AIR;
 
+
+	// Divide the world into cells, each with exactly one tree, so that no two trees will be adjacent of each other
+	struct TreeCellInfo info;
+	int wcx = (int)(x / WOOD_CELL_SIZE) - tree_lut_x_offset; // wood cell x
+	int wcz = (int)(z / WOOD_CELL_SIZE) - tree_lut_z_offset; // wood cell z
+
+	// Retrieve info on the cell from LUT
+	info = treeLUT[wcx * TREE_LUT_SIZE + wcz];
+
+	// A tree is to be placed in this position if the coordinates are those of the tree of the current cell
+	int wood_height = TREE_STANDARD_HEIGHT;
+	bool wood = x == info.trunk_x && z == info.trunk_z && y > grassNoiseLUT[lut_index] && y <= info.leaves_y_pos;
+	bool leaf{false};
+
+	// Check placing of leaves
+	if(wood) leaf = y > info.leaves_y_pos && y < info.leaves_y_pos+LEAVES_RADIUS;
+	else{
+	    if(!leaf) leaf = utils::withinDistance(x,y,z, info.trunk_x, info.leaves_y_pos, info.trunk_z, LEAVES_RADIUS);
+
+	    // Eventually search neighboring cells
+	    if(!leaf && wcx+1 < TREE_LUT_SIZE){
+		info = treeLUT[(wcx+1) * TREE_LUT_SIZE + wcz];
+		leaf = utils::withinDistance(x,y,z, info.trunk_x, info.leaves_y_pos, info.trunk_z, LEAVES_RADIUS);
+	    }
+
+	    if(!leaf && wcx-1 >= 0){
+		info = treeLUT[(wcx-1) * TREE_LUT_SIZE + wcz];
+		leaf = utils::withinDistance(x,y,z, info.trunk_x, info.leaves_y_pos, info.trunk_z, LEAVES_RADIUS);
+	    }
+
+	    if(!leaf && wcz-1 >= 0){
+		info = treeLUT[wcx * TREE_LUT_SIZE + (wcz-1)];
+		leaf = utils::withinDistance(x,y,z, info.trunk_x, info.leaves_y_pos, info.trunk_z, LEAVES_RADIUS);
+	    }
+
+	    if(!leaf && wcz+1 < TREE_LUT_SIZE){
+		info = treeLUT[wcx * TREE_LUT_SIZE + (wcz+1)];
+		leaf = utils::withinDistance(x,y,z, info.trunk_x, info.leaves_y_pos, info.trunk_z, LEAVES_RADIUS);
+	    }
+	}
+
+	if(wood) block = Block::WOOD;
+	if(leaf) block = Block::LEAVES;
+
+	// Use the interval-map structure of the chunk to compress the world: insert "runs" of
+	// equal blocks using indices in the hilbert curve
         if (block != block_prev)
         {
             chunk->setBlocks(block_prev_start, s, block_prev);
             block_prev_start = s;
         }
-
         block_prev = block;
     }
-
+    // Insert the last run of blocks
     chunk->setBlocks(block_prev_start, CHUNK_VOLUME, block_prev);
+    // Mark the chunk as generated, is needed to trigger the next steps
     chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED, true);
 }
 
+// Noise evaluation with Fractal Brownian Motion
+double evaluateNoise(OpenSimplexNoise::Noise noiseGen, double x, double y, double amplitude, double
+	frequency, double persistence, double lacunarity, int octaves){
+    double sum = 0;
+
+    for(int i = 0; i < octaves; i++){
+	sum += amplitude * noiseGen.eval(x*frequency, y*frequency);
+	amplitude *= persistence;
+	frequency *= lacunarity;
+    }
+
+    return sum;
+}
+
+// Tree cell Info
+const int TREE_MASTER_SEED_X = mt();
+const int TREE_MASTER_SEED_Z = mt();
+struct TreeCellInfo evaluateTreeCell(int wcx, int wcz){
+	int anglex = TREE_MASTER_SEED_X*wcx+TREE_MASTER_SEED_Z*wcz;
+	int anglez = TREE_MASTER_SEED_Z*wcz+TREE_MASTER_SEED_X*wcx;
+
+	// Start at the center of the cell, with a bit of random offset
+	int wcx_off = WOOD_CELL_CENTER + WOOD_MAX_OFFSET * sines[anglex % 360];
+	int wcz_off = WOOD_CELL_CENTER + WOOD_MAX_OFFSET * cosines[anglez % 360];
+
+	struct TreeCellInfo result{};
+
+	// Cell to world coordinates
+	result.trunk_x = wcx * WOOD_CELL_SIZE + wcx_off;
+	result.trunk_z = wcz * WOOD_CELL_SIZE + wcz_off;
+
+	result.trunk_x_offset = wcx_off;
+	result.trunk_z_offset = wcz_off;
+
+	result.leaves_y_pos = 1 + TREE_STANDARD_HEIGHT + GRASS_OFFSET + evaluateNoise(noiseGen1,
+		result.trunk_x, result.trunk_z, NOISE_GRASS_MULT, 0.01, 0.35, 2.1, 5);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+void generateChunk(Chunk::Chunk *chunk)
+{
+    generateNoise(chunk);
+}
+
+/* EXPERIMENTAL STUFF */
 void generateNoise3D(Chunk::Chunk *chunk) {
-    Block block_prev{Block::AIR};
+    Block block_prev{Block::AIR}, block;
     int block_prev_start{0};
 
     // A space filling curve is continuous, so there is no particular order
@@ -124,11 +265,3 @@ void generateNoise3D(Chunk::Chunk *chunk) {
 
     chunk->setBlocks(block_prev_start, CHUNK_VOLUME, block_prev);
 }
-
-void generatePyramid(Chunk::Chunk *chunk)
-{
-    for (int i = 0; i < CHUNK_SIZE; i++)
-        for (int j = 0; j < CHUNK_SIZE; j++)
-            for (int k = 0; k < CHUNK_SIZE; k++)
-                chunk->setBlock(i >= j && i < CHUNK_SIZE - j && k >= j && k < CHUNK_SIZE - j ? (j & 1) == 0 ? Block::GRASS : Block::STONE : Block::AIR, i, j, k);
-}

src/chunkmanager.cpp

@@ -6,144 +6,297 @@
 #include <thread>
 
 #include <glm/glm.hpp>
+#include <glm/gtx/string_cast.hpp>
 #include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
 
-#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_hash_map.h>
+#include <oneapi/tbb/parallel_for.h>
 
 #include "block.hpp"
 #include "chunk.hpp"
 #include "chunkgenerator.hpp"
 #include "chunkmesher.hpp"
+#include "debugwindow.hpp"
 #include "globals.hpp"
 #include "renderer.hpp"
+#include "utils.hpp"
 
 namespace chunkmanager
 {
-    typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_hash_map<uint32_t, Chunk::Chunk*> ChunkTable;
+    void blockpick(WorldUpdateMsg& msg); // There's no need of passing by value again (check
+					 // controls.cpp)
+    void generate();
+    void mesh();
+    void send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(Chunk::Chunk* c, int priority);
+
+    /* Chunk holding data structures */
+    // Concurrent hash table of chunks
     ChunkTable chunks;
+    // Chunk indices. Centered at (0,0,0), going in concentric sphere outwards
+    std::array<std::array<chunk_intcoord_t, 3>, chunks_volume> chunks_indices;
 
-    //std::unordered_map<std::uint32_t, Chunk::Chunk *> chunks;
+    /* World Update messaging data structure */
-    std::array<std::array<int, 3>, chunks_volume> chunks_indices;
+    WorldUpdateMsgQueue WorldUpdateQueue;
 
+    /* Multithreading */
     std::atomic_bool should_run;
+    std::thread gen_thread, mesh_thread, update_thread;
 
-    int chunks_volume_real;
+    // Queue of chunks to be generated
-    std::thread init(){
+    ChunkPriorityQueue chunks_to_generate_queue;
+    // Queue of chunks to be meshed
+    ChunkPriorityQueue chunks_to_mesh_queue;
+
+    WorldUpdateMsgQueue& getWorldUpdateQueue(){ return WorldUpdateQueue; }
+    
+    // Init chunkmanager. Chunk indices and start threads
+    void init(){
 	int index{0};
-	int rr{RENDER_DISTANCE * RENDER_DISTANCE};
 
-        int xp{0}, x{0};
+	for(chunk_intcoord_t i = -RENDER_DISTANCE; i < RENDER_DISTANCE; i++)
-        bool b = true;
+	    for(chunk_intcoord_t j = -RENDER_DISTANCE; j < RENDER_DISTANCE; j++)
+		for(chunk_intcoord_t k = -RENDER_DISTANCE; k < RENDER_DISTANCE; k++){
 
-        // Iterate over all chunks, in concentric spheres starting fron the player and going outwards. Alternate left and right
+		    chunks_indices[index][0]=i;
-        // Eq. of the sphere (x - a)² + (y - b)² + (z - c)² = r²
+		    chunks_indices[index][1]=j;
-        while (xp <= RENDER_DISTANCE)
+		    chunks_indices[index][2]=k;
-        {
-	    // Alternate between left and right
-            if (b) x = +xp;
-            else x = -xp;
-
-	    // Step 1. At current x, get the corresponding y values (2nd degree equation, up to 2
-	    // possible results)
-            int y1 = static_cast<int>(sqrt((rr) - x*x));
-
-            for (int y = -y1 + 1 ; y <= y1; y++)
-            {
-                // Step 2. At both y's, get the corresponding z values
-		int z1 = static_cast<int>(sqrt( rr - x*x - y*y));
-
-                for (int z = -z1 + 1; z <= z1; z++){
-		    chunks_indices[index][0] = x;
-		    chunks_indices[index][1] = y;
-		    chunks_indices[index][2] = z;
 		    index++;
 		}
-            }
-
-            if (!b)
-            {
-                xp++;
-                b = true;
-            }
-            else  b = false;
-	}
-	chunks_volume_real = index;
-
-	// Also init mesh data queue
-	for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
-	    chunkmesher::getMeshDataQueue().push(new chunkmesher::MeshData());
 
 	should_run = true;
-	std::thread update_thread (update);
+	update_thread = std::thread(update);
-	return update_thread;
+	gen_thread = std::thread(generate);
+	mesh_thread = std::thread(mesh);
     }
 
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<Chunk::Chunk*> chunks_todelete;
+    // Method for world generation thread(s)
-    int nUnloaded{0};
+    void generate(){
+	while(should_run){
+	    ChunkPQEntry entry;
+	    if(chunks_to_generate_queue.try_pop(entry)){
+		Chunk::Chunk* chunk = entry.first;
+		generateChunk(chunk);
+		chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_IN_GENERATION_QUEUE, false);
+	    }
+	}
+	chunks_to_generate_queue.clear();
+    }
+
+    // Method for chunk meshing thread(s)
+    void mesh(){
+	while(should_run){
+	    ChunkPQEntry entry;
+	    if(chunks_to_mesh_queue.try_pop(entry)){
+		Chunk::Chunk* chunk = entry.first;
+		chunkmesher::mesh(chunk);
+		chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_IN_MESHING_QUEUE, false);
+	    }
+	}
+	chunks_to_mesh_queue.clear();
+    }
+
+    void send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(Chunk::Chunk* c, int priority){
+	c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_IN_MESHING_QUEUE, true);
+	chunks_to_mesh_queue.push(std::make_pair(c, MESHING_PRIORITY_NORMAL));
+    }
+
+    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<chunk_index_t> chunks_todelete;
     void update(){
 	while(should_run) {
-	    int chunkX=static_cast<int>(theCamera.getAtomicPosX() / CHUNK_SIZE);
+	    /* Setup variables for the whole loop */
-	    int chunkY=static_cast<int>(theCamera.getAtomicPosY() / CHUNK_SIZE);
+	    // Atomic is needed by parallel_for
-	    int chunkZ=static_cast<int>(theCamera.getAtomicPosZ() / CHUNK_SIZE);
+	    std::atomic_int nUnloaded{0}, nMarkUnload{0}, nExplored{0}, nMeshed{0}, nGenerated{0};
+	    std::atomic_int chunkX=static_cast<int>(theCamera.getAtomicPosX() / CHUNK_SIZE);
+	    std::atomic_int chunkY=static_cast<int>(theCamera.getAtomicPosY() / CHUNK_SIZE);
+	    std::atomic_int chunkZ=static_cast<int>(theCamera.getAtomicPosZ() / CHUNK_SIZE);
 
-	    // Update other chunks
+	    /* Process update messages before anything happens */
-	    for(int i = 0; i < chunks_volume_real; i++) {
+	    WorldUpdateMsg msg;
-		const uint16_t x = chunks_indices[i][0] + chunkX;
+	    while(WorldUpdateQueue.try_pop(msg)){
-		const uint16_t y = chunks_indices[i][1] + chunkY;
+		switch(msg.msg_type){
-		const uint16_t z = chunks_indices[i][2] + chunkZ;
+		    case WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_BREAK:
-		const uint32_t index = calculateIndex(x, y, z);
+		    case WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_PLACE:
+			blockpick(msg);
+			break;
+		}
+	    }
 
-		if(x > 1023 || y > 1023 || z > 1023) continue;
 
+	    /* Delete old chunks */
+	    // In my head it makes sense to first delete old chunks, then create new ones
+	    // I think it's easier for memory allocator to re-use the memory that was freed just
+	    // before, but this isn't backed be any evidence and I might be wrong. Anyway this way
+	    // works fine so I'm gonna keep it.
+	    chunk_index_t i;
 	    ChunkTable::accessor a;
-		if(!chunks.find(a, index)) chunks.emplace(a, std::make_pair(index, new Chunk::Chunk(glm::vec3(x,y,z))));
+	    while(chunks_todelete.try_pop(i)){
-
+		const chunk_index_t index = i;
-		if(! (a->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) generateChunk(a->second);
+		if(chunks.find(a, index)){
-		if(! (a->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED))) chunkmesher::mesh(a->second);
+		    Chunk::Chunk* c = a->second;
-
+		    // Use the accessor to erase the element
-		renderer::getChunksToRender().insert(a->second);
+		    // Using the key doesn't work
-
+		    if(chunks.erase(a)){
-		a.release();
-	    }
-
-	    Chunk::Chunk* n;
-	    nUnloaded = 0;
-	    while(chunks_todelete.try_pop(n)){
-		int x = static_cast<uint16_t>(n->getPosition().x);
-		int y = static_cast<uint16_t>(n->getPosition().y);
-		int z = static_cast<uint16_t>(n->getPosition().z);
-		if(x > 1023 || y > 1023 || z > 1023) continue;
-		const uint32_t index = calculateIndex(x, y, z);
-
-		chunks.erase(index);
-		//delete n;
 			nUnloaded++;
+			renderer::getDeleteIndexQueue().push(index);
+			delete c;
+		    } else {
+			c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_IN_DELETING_QUEUE, false);
+			std::cout << "failed to delete " << index << std::endl;
 		    }
+		} else std::cout << "no such element found to delete\n";
+	    }
+
+	    /* Create new chunks around the player */
+	    for(int i = 0; i < chunks_volume; i++) {
+		const chunk_intcoord_t x = chunks_indices[i][0] + chunkX;
+		const chunk_intcoord_t y = chunks_indices[i][1] + chunkY;
+		const chunk_intcoord_t z = chunks_indices[i][2] + chunkZ;
+
+		if(x < 0 || y < 0 || z < 0 || x > 1023 || y > 1023 || z > 1023) continue;
+		nExplored++;
+
+		const chunk_index_t index = Chunk::calculateIndex(x, y, z);
+		ChunkTable::accessor a;
+		if(!chunks.find(a, index)) chunks.emplace(a, std::make_pair(index, new
+			    Chunk::Chunk(glm::vec3(x,y,z))));
+	    }
+
+	    /* Update all the chunks */
+	    oneapi::tbb::parallel_for(chunks.range(), [&](ChunkTable::range_type &r){
+		for(ChunkTable::iterator a = r.begin(); a != r.end(); a++){
+		    Chunk::Chunk* c = a->second;
+
+		    int x = c->getPosition().x;
+		    int y = c->getPosition().y;
+		    int z = c->getPosition().z;
+		    int distx = x - chunkX;
+		    int disty = y - chunkY;
+		    int distz = z - chunkZ;
+
+		    // Local variables avoid continously having to call atomic variables
+		    int gen{0}, mesh{0}, unload{0};
+
+		    if(
+			    distx >= -RENDER_DISTANCE && distx < RENDER_DISTANCE &&
+			    disty >= -RENDER_DISTANCE && disty < RENDER_DISTANCE &&
+			    distz >= -RENDER_DISTANCE && distz < RENDER_DISTANCE
+		      ){
+
+			// If within distance
+			// Reset out-of-view flags
+			c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION, false);
+			c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_UNLOADED, false);
+
+			// If not yet generated
+			if(!c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED)){
+			    if(c->isFree()){
+				// Generate
+
+				// Mark as present in the queue before sending to avoid strange
+				// a chunk being marked as in the queue after it was already
+				// processed
+				c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_IN_GENERATION_QUEUE, true);
+				chunks_to_generate_queue.push(std::make_pair(c, GENERATION_PRIORITY_NORMAL));
+			    }
+			}else{
+			    gen++;
+			    // If generated but not yet meshed
+			    if(!c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED)){
+				ChunkTable::accessor a1;
+
+				// Checking if nearby chunks have been generated allows for seamless
+				// borders between chunks
+				if(c->isFree() &&
+				    (distx+1 >= RENDER_DISTANCE || x + 1 > 1023 || (chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(x+1, y, z)) &&
+					a1->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) &&
+				    (distx-1 < -RENDER_DISTANCE || x - 1 < 0 || (chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(x-1, y, z)) &&
+					a1->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) &&
+				    (disty+1 >= RENDER_DISTANCE || y + 1 > 1023 || (chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(x, y+1, z)) &&
+					a1->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) &&
+				    (disty-1 < -RENDER_DISTANCE || y - 1 < 0|| (chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(x, y-1, z)) &&
+					a1->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) &&
+				    (distz+1 >= RENDER_DISTANCE || z + 1 > 1023 || (chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(x, y, z+1)) &&
+					a1->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) &&
+				    (distz-1 < -RENDER_DISTANCE || z - 1 < 0|| (chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(x, y, z-1)) &&
+					a1->second->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED)))
+				  )
+				{
+				    // Mesh
+
+				    // Mark as present in the queue before sending to avoid strange
+				    // a chunk being marked as in the queue after it was already
+				    // processed
+				    send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(c, MESHING_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
+				}
+			    }else mesh++;
+			}
+
+		    }else{
+			// If not within distance
+			if(c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION)){
+			    // If enough time has passed, set to be deleted
+			    if(c->isFree() && glfwGetTime() - c->unload_timer >= UNLOAD_TIMEOUT){
+				c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_IN_DELETING_QUEUE, true);
+				chunks_todelete.push(c->getIndex());
+				unload++;
+			    }
+			}else{
+			    // Mark as out of view, and start waiting time
+			    c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION, true);
+			    c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_UNLOADED, false);
+			    c->unload_timer = glfwGetTime();
 			}
 		    }
 
-    // uint32_t is fine, since i'm limiting the coordinate to only use up to ten bits (1024). There's actually two spare bits
+		    // Update atomic variables only once at the end
-    uint32_t calculateIndex(uint16_t i, uint16_t j, uint16_t k){
+		    nGenerated += gen;
-	 return i | (j << 10) | (k << 20); 
+		    nMeshed += mesh;
+		    nMarkUnload += unload;
+		}
+	    });
+
+	    debug::window::set_parameter("update_chunks_total", (int)chunks.size());
+	    debug::window::set_parameter("update_chunks_generated", (int) nGenerated);
+	    debug::window::set_parameter("update_chunks_meshed", (int) nMeshed);
+	    debug::window::set_parameter("update_chunks_freed", (int) nUnloaded);
+	    debug::window::set_parameter("update_chunks_explored", (int) nExplored);
+	}
     }
 
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<Chunk::Chunk*>& getDeleteVector(){ return chunks_todelete; }
+    std::array<std::array<chunk_intcoord_t, 3>, chunks_volume>& getChunksIndices(){ return chunks_indices; }
-    std::array<std::array<int, 3>, chunks_volume>& getChunksIndices(){ return chunks_indices; }
+
+    void stop() {
+	should_run=false;
+
+	std::cout << "Waiting for secondary threads to shut down" << std::endl;
+	update_thread.join();
+	std::cout << "Update thread has terminated" << std::endl;
+	gen_thread.join();
+	std::cout << "Generation thread has terminated" << std::endl;
+	mesh_thread.join();
+	std::cout << "Meshing thread has terminated" << std::endl;
+    }
 
-    void stop() { should_run=false; }
     void destroy(){
-	/*for(const auto& n : chunks){
+	for(const auto& n : chunks){
 	    delete n.second;
-	}*/
+	}
+	chunks.clear();
     }
 
-    void blockpick(bool place){
+
+    glm::vec3 ray_intersect(glm::vec3 startposition, glm::vec3 startdir){
+	int old_bx{0}, old_by{0}, old_bz{0};
+	int old_px{0}, old_py{0}, old_pz{0};
+	Chunk::Chunk* old_chunk{nullptr};
+	glm::vec3 old_pos;
+
 	// cast a ray from the camera in the direction pointed by the camera itself
-	glm::vec3 pos = glm::vec3(theCamera.getAtomicPosX(), theCamera.getAtomicPosY(),
+	glm::vec3 origin = startposition;
-		theCamera.getAtomicPosZ());
+	glm::vec3 pos = origin;
+	glm::vec3 front = startdir;
 	for(float t = 0.0; t <= 10.0; t += 0.5){
 	    // traverse the ray a block at the time
-	    pos = theCamera.getPos() + t * theCamera.getFront();
+	    pos = origin + t*front;
 
 	    // get which chunk and block the ray is at
 	    int px = ((int)(pos.x))/CHUNK_SIZE;
@@ -153,55 +306,196 @@ namespace chunkmanager
 	    int by = pos.y - py*CHUNK_SIZE;
 	    int bz = pos.z - pz*CHUNK_SIZE;
 
-	    // exit early if the position is invalid or the chunk does not exist
+	    if(bx == old_bx && by == old_by && bz == old_bz) continue;
-	    if(px < 0 || py < 0 || pz < 0 || px >= 1024 || py >= 1024 || pz >= 1024) return;
 
-	    ChunkTable::accessor a;
+	    // exit early if the position is invalid or the chunk does not exist
-	    if(!chunks.find(a, calculateIndex(px, py, pz))) return;
+	    if(px < 0 || py < 0 || pz < 0 || px >= 1024 || py >= 1024 || pz >= 1024) continue;
+
+	    ChunkTable::const_accessor a;
+	    if(!chunks.find(a, Chunk::calculateIndex(px, py, pz))) continue;
 	    Chunk::Chunk* c = a->second;
-	    if(!c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED) || c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_EMPTY)) continue;
+	    if(!c->isFree() || !c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED)){
+		a.release();
+		continue;
+	    }
 
 	    Block b = c->getBlock(bx, by, bz);
-
 	    a.release();
+	    
 	    // if the block is non empty
-	    if(b != Block::AIR){
+	    if(b != Block::AIR) return pos;
 
-		// if placing a new block
+	    old_chunk = c;
-		if(place){
+	    old_bx = bx;
-		    // Go half a block backwards on the ray, to check the block where the ray was
+	    old_by = by;
-		    // coming from
+	    old_bz = bz;
-		    // Doing this and not using normal adds the unexpected (and unwanted) ability to
+	    old_px = px;
-		    // place blocks diagonally, without faces colliding with the block that has
+	    old_py = py;
-		    // been clicked
+	    old_pz = pz;
-		    pos -= theCamera.getFront()*0.5f;
+	    old_pos = pos;
 
-		    int px1 = ((int)(pos.x))/CHUNK_SIZE;
-		    int py1 = ((int)(pos.y))/CHUNK_SIZE;
-		    int pz1 = ((int)(pos.z))/CHUNK_SIZE;
-		    int bx1 = pos.x - px1*CHUNK_SIZE;
-		    int by1 = pos.y - py1*CHUNK_SIZE;
-		    int bz1 = pos.z - pz1*CHUNK_SIZE;
-
-		    // exit early if the position is invalid or the chunk does not exist
-		    if(px1 < 0 || py1 < 0 || pz1 < 0 || px1 >= 1024 || py1 >= 1024 || pz1 >= 1024) return;
-		    ChunkTable::accessor a1;
-		    if(!chunks.find(a1, calculateIndex(px1, py1, pz1))) return;
-		    Chunk::Chunk* c1 = a1->second;
-		    // place the new block (only stone for now)
-		    c1->setBlock( Block::STONE, bx1, by1, bz1);
-
-		    // mark the mesh of the chunk the be updated
-		    c1->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED, false);
-		}else{
-		    // replace the current block with air to remove it
-		    c->setBlock( Block::AIR, bx, by, bz);
-
-		    c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED, false);
 	}
+	return glm::vec3(-1);
+    }
+
+    void blockpick(WorldUpdateMsg& msg){
+	//std::cout << glm::to_string(ray_intersect(msg.cameraPos, msg.cameraFront)) << std::endl;
+	glm::vec3 ray_pos = ray_intersect(msg.cameraPos, msg.cameraFront);
+	if(ray_pos == glm::vec3(-1)) return;
+
+	// Chunk in which the blockpick is happening
+	int chunkx = (int)(ray_pos.x) / CHUNK_SIZE;
+	int chunky = (int)(ray_pos.y) / CHUNK_SIZE;
+	int chunkz = (int)(ray_pos.z) / CHUNK_SIZE;
+	// Block (chunk coord) in which the blockpick is happening
+	int blockx = ray_pos.x - chunkx*CHUNK_SIZE;
+	int blocky = ray_pos.y - chunky*CHUNK_SIZE;
+	int blockz = ray_pos.z - chunkz*CHUNK_SIZE;
+
+	// The chunk must exist, otherwise ray_intersect would have returned an error
+	// Also, the block must be different from AIR
+	
+	ChunkTable::accessor a;
+	if(!chunks.find(a, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx, chunky, chunkz))) return;
+	Chunk::Chunk* c = a->second;
+	if(!(c->isFree() && c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED))) return;
+
+	if(msg.msg_type == WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_BREAK){
+	    c->setBlock(Block::AIR, blockx, blocky, blockz);
+	    send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(c, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+	}else{
+	    // Traverse voxel using Amanatides&Woo traversal algorithm
+	    // http://www.cse.yorku.ca/~amana/research/grid.pdf
+
+	    glm::vec3 pos = msg.cameraPos;
+	    glm::vec3 front = glm::normalize(pos - ray_pos);
+
+	    // Original chunk in which the blockpick started
+	    const int ochunkX=chunkx, ochunkY = chunky, ochunkZ = chunkz;
+
+	    // The ray has equation pos + t*front
+
+	    // Initialize phase
+	    // Origin integer voxel coordinates
+	    // Avoid floating point accuracy errors: work as close to 0 as possible, translate
+	    // everything later
+	    int basex = std::floor(ray_pos.x);
+	    int basey = std::floor(ray_pos.y);
+	    int basez = std::floor(ray_pos.z);
+	    double x = ray_pos.x - basex;
+	    double y = ray_pos.y - basey;
+	    double z = ray_pos.z - basez;
+
+	    auto sign = [=](double f){ return f > 0 ? 1 : f < 0 ? -1 : 0; };
+	    auto tmax = [=](double p, double dir){
+		int s = sign(dir);
+
+		if(s > 0)
+		    return (1 - p) / dir;
+		else if(s < 0)
+		    return -(p) / dir;
+		return 0.0;
+	    };
+
+
+	    // Step
+	    int stepX = sign(front.x);
+	    int stepY = sign(front.y);
+	    int stepZ = sign(front.z);
+
+	    // tMax: the value of t at which the ray crosses the first voxel boundary
+	    double tMaxX = tmax(x, front.x);
+	    double tMaxY = tmax(y, front.y);
+	    double tMaxZ = tmax(z, front.z);
+
+	    // tDelta: how far along the ray along they ray (in units of t) for the _ component of such
+	    // a movement to equal the width of a voxel
+	    double tDeltaX = stepX / front.x;
+	    double tDeltaY = stepY / front.y;
+	    double tDeltaZ = stepZ / front.z;
+
+	    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
+		if(tMaxX < tMaxY){
+		    if(tMaxX < tMaxZ) {
+			x += stepX;
+			tMaxX += tDeltaX;
+		    }else{
+			z += stepZ;
+			tMaxZ += tDeltaZ;
+		    }
+		}else{
+		    if(tMaxY < tMaxZ){
+			y += stepY;
+			tMaxY += tDeltaY;
+		    }else{
+			z += stepZ;
+			tMaxZ += tDeltaZ;
+		    }
+		}
+
+		int realx = basex + x;
+		int realy = basey + y;
+		int realz = basez + z;
+
+		chunkx = realx / CHUNK_SIZE;
+		chunky = realy / CHUNK_SIZE;
+		chunkz = realz / CHUNK_SIZE;
+
+		if(chunkx < 0 || chunky < 0 || chunkz < 0 || chunkx > 1023 || chunky > 1023 ||
+			chunkz > 1023) continue;
+
+		blockx = realx - chunkx*CHUNK_SIZE;
+		blocky = realy - chunky*CHUNK_SIZE;
+		blockz = realz - chunkz*CHUNK_SIZE;
+
+
+		Chunk::Chunk* chunk;
+		ChunkTable::accessor b;
+
+		if(chunkx != ochunkX || chunky != ochunkY || chunkz != ochunkZ){
+		    if(!chunks.find(b, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx, chunky, chunkz)))
+			continue;
+		    chunk = b->second;
+		    if(!(chunk->isFree() && chunk->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_GENERATED)))
+			continue;
+
+		}else{
+		    chunk = c;
+		}
+
+		if(chunk->getBlock(blockx, blocky, blockz) != Block::AIR) continue;
+		chunk->setBlock(msg.block, blockx, blocky, blockz);
+		send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(chunk, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
 		break;
 	    }
 	}
+
+	// Release the chunk in which the blockpick started to avoid locks
+	a.release();
+	 // When necessary, also mesh nearby chunks
+	ChunkTable::accessor a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2;
+	if(blockx == 0 && chunkx - 1 >= 0 && chunks.find(a1, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx - 1, chunky, chunkz)))
+	  send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(a1->second, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+	if(blocky == 0 && chunky - 1 >= 0 && chunks.find(b1, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx, chunky - 1, chunkz)))
+	  send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(b1->second, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+	if(blockz == 0 && chunkz - 1 >= 0 && chunks.find(c1, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx, chunky, chunkz - 1)))
+	  send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(c1->second, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+	if(blockx == CHUNK_SIZE - 1 && chunkx +1 < 1024 && chunks.find(a2, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx +1, chunky, chunkz)))
+	  send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(a2->second, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+	if(blocky == CHUNK_SIZE - 1 && chunky +1 < 1024 && chunks.find(b2, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx, chunky +1, chunkz)))
+	  send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(b2->second, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+	if(blockz == CHUNK_SIZE - 1 && chunkz +1 < 1024 && chunks.find(c2, Chunk::calculateIndex(chunkx, chunky, chunkz +1)))
+	  send_to_chunk_meshing_thread(c2->second, MESHING_PRIORITY_PLAYER_EDIT);
+
+	// Update debugging information
+
+	debug::window::set_parameter("block_last_action", msg.msg_type ==
+		WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_PLACE);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("block_last_action_block_type", (int)(msg.msg_type ==
+		WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_PLACE ? msg.block : Block::AIR));
+	debug::window::set_parameter("block_last_action_x", chunkx*CHUNK_SIZE+blockx);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("block_last_action_y", chunky*CHUNK_SIZE+blocky);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("block_last_action_z", chunkz*CHUNK_SIZE+blockz);
     }
 
     Block getBlockAtPos(int x, int y, int z){
@@ -215,7 +509,7 @@ namespace chunkmanager
 
 	//std::cout << "Block at " << x << ", " << y << ", " << z << " is in chunk " << cx << "," << cy << "," << cz << "\n";
 	ChunkTable::accessor a;
-	if(!chunks.find(a, calculateIndex(cx, cy, cz))) return Block::NULLBLK;
+	if(!chunks.find(a, Chunk::calculateIndex(cx, cy, cz))) return Block::NULLBLK;
 	else {
 	    int bx = x % CHUNK_SIZE;
 	    int by = y % CHUNK_SIZE;
@@ -227,3 +521,4 @@ namespace chunkmanager
 	}
     }
 };
+

src/chunkmesher.cpp

@@ -11,15 +11,24 @@
 #include "spacefilling.hpp"
 #include "utils.hpp"
 
+#define CHUNK_MESH_DATA_QUANTITY 100
+#define CHUNK_MESH_WORLD_LIMIT_BORDERS 0
+
 namespace chunkmesher{
 
-oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<MeshData*> MeshDataQueue;
+ChunkMeshDataQueue MeshDataQueue;
 
-oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<MeshData*>& getMeshDataQueue(){ return MeshDataQueue; }
+ChunkMeshDataQueue& getMeshDataQueue(){ return MeshDataQueue; }
+
+void init()
+{
+    for(int i = 0; i < CHUNK_MESH_DATA_QUANTITY; i++)
+	MeshDataQueue.push(new ChunkMeshData{});
+}
     
 void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk)
 {
-    MeshData* mesh_data;
+    ChunkMeshData* mesh_data;
     if(!MeshDataQueue.try_pop(mesh_data)) return;
 
     /*
@@ -38,27 +47,14 @@ void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk)
      */
 
     // Cleanup previous data
-    mesh_data->numVertices = 0;
+    mesh_data->clear();
-    mesh_data->chunk = chunk;
+    mesh_data->message_type = ChunkMeshDataType::MESH_UPDATE;
-    mesh_data->vertices.clear();
+    mesh_data->index = chunk->getIndex();
-    mesh_data->extents.clear();
+    mesh_data->position = chunk->getPosition();
-    mesh_data->texinfo.clear();
-
-    // Abort if chunk is empty
-    if(chunk->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_EMPTY)){
-	chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED, true);
-	renderer::getMeshDataQueue().push(mesh_data);
-	return;
-    }
 
     // convert tree to array since it is easier to work with it
     int length{0};
-    std::unique_ptr<Block[]> blocks = chunk->getBlocksArray(&length);
+    std::unique_ptr<Block[]> blocks;
-    if(length == 0) {
-	chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED, true);
-	renderer::getMeshDataQueue().push(mesh_data);
-	return;
-    }
 
     int k, l, u, v, w, h, n, j, i;
     int x[]{0, 0, 0};
@@ -66,6 +62,12 @@ void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk)
     int du[]{0, 0, 0};
     int dv[]{0, 0, 0};
 
+    // Abort if chunk is empty
+    if(chunk->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_EMPTY)) goto end;
+
+    blocks = chunk->getBlocksArray(&length);
+    if(length == 0) goto end;
+
     std::array<Block, CHUNK_SIZE * CHUNK_SIZE> mask;
     for (bool backFace = true, b = false; b != backFace; backFace = backFace && b, b = !b)
     {
@@ -128,9 +130,15 @@ void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk)
 			// The else case provides face culling for adjacent solid faces
 			// Checking for NULLBLK avoids creating empty faces if nearby chunk was not
 			// yet generated
+#if CHUNK_MESH_WORLD_LIMIT_BORDERS == 1
 			mask[n++] = b1 == b2 ? Block::NULLBLK
                                     : backFace ? b1 == Block::NULLBLK || b1 == Block::AIR ? b2 : Block::NULLBLK
                                     : b2 == Block::NULLBLK || b2 == Block::AIR ? b1 : Block::NULLBLK;
+#else
+			mask[n++] = b1 == b2 ? Block::NULLBLK
+                                    : backFace ? b1 == Block::AIR ? b2 : Block::NULLBLK
+                                    : b2 == Block::AIR ? b1 : Block::NULLBLK;
+#endif
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -191,7 +199,7 @@ void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk)
 
 				mesh_data->texinfo.push_back(backFace ? 0.0 : 1.0);
 				mesh_data->texinfo.push_back((int)(mask[n]) - 2);
-				mesh_data->numVertices++;
+				mesh_data->num_vertices++;
                             }
 
                             for (l = 0; l < h; ++l)
@@ -220,50 +228,8 @@ void mesh(Chunk::Chunk* chunk)
         }
     }
 
+end:
     chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESHED, true);
     renderer::getMeshDataQueue().push(mesh_data);
-    return;
-}
-
-void sendtogpu(MeshData* mesh_data)
-{
-    if (mesh_data->numVertices > 0)
-    {
-	if(mesh_data->chunk->VAO == 0) mesh_data->chunk->createBuffers();
-
-	// bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s), and then configure vertex attributes(s).
-	glBindVertexArray(mesh_data->chunk->VAO);
-
-	// position attribute
-	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->chunk->VBO);
-	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->vertices.size() * sizeof(GLubyte), &(mesh_data->vertices[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-	glVertexAttribIPointer(0, 3, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 3 * sizeof(GLubyte), (void *)0);
-	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
-
-	// normal attribute
-	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->chunk->extentsBuffer);
-	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->extents.size() * sizeof(GLubyte), &(mesh_data->extents[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-	glVertexAttribIPointer(1, 3, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 3 * sizeof(GLubyte), (void *)0);
-	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
-
-	// texcoords attribute
-	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->chunk->texinfoBuffer);
-	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->texinfo.size() * sizeof(GLubyte), &(mesh_data->texinfo[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-	glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
-	glVertexAttribIPointer(2, 2, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 2 * sizeof(GLubyte), (void *)0);
-
-	glBindVertexArray(0);
-
-	// save the number of indices of the mesh, it is needed later for drawing
-	mesh_data->chunk->numVertices = (GLuint)(mesh_data->numVertices);
-
-	// once data has been sent to the GPU, it can be cleared from system RAM
-	mesh_data->vertices.clear();
-	mesh_data->extents.clear();
-	mesh_data->texinfo.clear();
-    }
-    
-    // mark the chunk mesh has loaded on GPU
-    mesh_data->chunk->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESH_LOADED, true);
 }
 };

src/controls.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#include "controls.hpp"
+
+#include "camera.hpp"
+#include "chunkmanager.hpp"
+#include "debugwindow.hpp"
+#include "globals.hpp"
+#include "renderer.hpp"
+
+namespace controls{
+    /* Block picking */
+    int block_to_place{2};
+    float lastBlockPick=0.0;
+    bool blockpick = false;
+
+    /* Cursor */
+    bool cursor = false;
+
+    void init(){
+	debug::window::set_parameter("block_type_return", &block_to_place);
+    }
+    
+    void update(GLFWwindow* window){
+	float current_time = glfwGetTime();
+
+	/* BlockPicking */
+	// Reset blockpicking if enough time has passed
+	if(current_time - lastBlockPick > BLOCKPICK_TIMEOUT) blockpick = false;
+	// Reset blockpicking if both mouse buttons are released
+	if(glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_1) == GLFW_RELEASE && glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_2) == GLFW_RELEASE) blockpick = false;
+	// Process block picking if a mouse button is pressed
+	if((glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_1) == GLFW_PRESS ||
+		glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_2 == GLFW_PRESS)) && !blockpick){
+
+	    // Start timeout for next block pick action
+	    blockpick =  true;
+	    lastBlockPick = current_time;
+
+	    // Construct the message to send to chunkmanager
+
+	    // WorldUpdateMsg is allocated on the stack
+	    // unlike ChunkMeshData, the fields of WorldUpdateMsg are few and light, so there's no
+	    // problem in passing them by value each time.
+	    // It also has the advantage of having less memory to manage, since I'm not allocating
+	    // anything on the heap
+
+	    WorldUpdateMsg msg{};
+	    msg.cameraPos = theCamera.getPos();
+	    msg.cameraFront = theCamera.getFront();
+	    msg.time = current_time;
+	    msg.msg_type = glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_1) == GLFW_PRESS ?
+	    WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_PLACE : WorldUpdateMsgType::BLOCKPICK_BREAK;
+	    msg.block = (Block)(block_to_place);
+
+	    // Send to chunk manager
+	    chunkmanager::getWorldUpdateQueue().push(msg);
+	}
+
+	/* SCREENSHOTS */
+	if(glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_F2) == GLFW_PRESS) renderer::saveScreenshot();
+	if(glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_F3) == GLFW_PRESS) renderer::saveScreenshot(true);
+	if(glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_M) == GLFW_PRESS) {
+	    cursor = !cursor;
+	    glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, cursor ? GLFW_CURSOR_NORMAL : GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);
+	}
+    }
+};

src/debugwindow.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+#include "debugwindow.hpp"
+
+#include <imgui/imgui.h>
+#include <imgui/imgui_impl_opengl3.h>
+#include <imgui/imgui_impl_glfw.h>
+#include <imgui_stdlib.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace debug{
+    namespace window{
+
+	void show_debug_window();
+	constexpr int frametimes_array_size = 20;
+	float frametimes_array[frametimes_array_size]{};
+
+	std::unordered_map<std::string, std::any> parameters;
+
+	void init(GLFWwindow* window){
+	    // Setup Dear ImGui context
+	    IMGUI_CHECKVERSION();
+	    ImGui::CreateContext();
+	    ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO();
+	    io.ConfigFlags |= ImGuiConfigFlags_NavEnableKeyboard;     // Enable Keyboard Controls
+
+	    // Setup Platform/Renderer backends
+	    ImGui_ImplGlfw_InitForOpenGL(window, true);          // Second param install_callback=true will install GLFW callbacks and chain to existing ones.
+	    ImGui_ImplOpenGL3_Init();
+	}
+
+	void prerender(){
+	    // Start the Dear ImGui frame
+	    ImGui_ImplOpenGL3_NewFrame();
+	    ImGui_ImplGlfw_NewFrame();
+	    ImGui::NewFrame();
+	    //ImGui::ShowDemoWindow(); // Show demo window! :)
+	    show_debug_window();
+	}
+
+	void render(){
+	    // (Your code clears your framebuffer, renders your other stuff etc.)
+	    ImGui::Render();
+	    ImGui_ImplOpenGL3_RenderDrawData(ImGui::GetDrawData());
+	    // (Your code calls glfwSwapBuffers() etc.)
+	}
+
+	void destroy(){
+	    ImGui_ImplOpenGL3_Shutdown();
+	    ImGui_ImplGlfw_Shutdown();
+	    ImGui::DestroyContext();
+	    ImGui_ImplOpenGL3_Shutdown();
+	    ImGui_ImplGlfw_Shutdown();
+	    ImGui::DestroyContext();
+	}
+
+	void set_parameter(std::string key, std::any value){
+	    parameters[key] = value;
+	}
+
+	void show_debug_window(){
+	    ImGui::Begin("Debug Window");
+
+	    ImGui::PushItemWidth(ImGui::GetFontSize() * -12);
+
+	    try{
+		if (ImGui::CollapsingHeader("Frametimes")){
+		    ImGui::Text("FPS: %d", std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("fps")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Frametime (ms): %f",
+			    std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("frametime"))*1000);
+		    ImGui::Text("GPU: (%s) %s",
+			    std::any_cast<const GLubyte*>(parameters.at("gpu_vendor")),
+			    std::any_cast<const GLubyte*>(parameters.at("gpu_renderer")));
+		    //ImGui::PlotLines("Frame Times", arr, IM_ARRAYSIZE(arr);
+		}
+
+		if(ImGui::CollapsingHeader("Player")){
+		    ImGui::Text("X: %f, Y: %f, Z: %f",
+			    std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("px")),std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("py")),std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("pz"))  );
+		    ImGui::Text("X: %d, Y: %d, Z: %d (chunk)", std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("cx")),std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("cy")),std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("cz"))  );
+		    ImGui::Text("Pointing in direction: %f, %f, %f", 
+			    std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("lx")),std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("ly")),std::any_cast<float>(parameters.at("lz"))  );
+
+		    ImGui::SliderInt("Crosshair type",
+			    std::any_cast<int*>(parameters.at("crosshair_type_return")), 0, 1);
+		    ImGui::SliderInt("Block to place",
+			    std::any_cast<int*>(parameters.at("block_type_return")), 2, 6);
+
+		    if(parameters.find("block_last_action") != parameters.end()){
+			ImGui::Text("Last Block action: %s",
+			    std::any_cast<bool>(parameters.at("block_last_action")) ? "place" : "destroy");
+			ImGui::Text("Last Block action block type: %d",
+			    std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("block_last_action_block_type")));
+			ImGui::Text("Last Block action position: X: %d, Y: %d, Z: %d",
+			    std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("block_last_action_x")),std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("block_last_action_y")),std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("block_last_action_z"))  );
+		    }
+		}
+
+		if(ImGui::CollapsingHeader("Mesh")){
+		    ImGui::Text("Total chunk meshed: %d",
+			    std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("render_chunks_total")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Of which renderable (not empty): %d",
+			    std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("render_chunks_renderable")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Chunks rendered: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("render_chunks_rendered")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Frustum culled: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("render_chunks_culled")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Total vertices in the scene: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("render_chunks_vertices")));
+		    ImGui::Checkbox("Wireframe",
+			    std::any_cast<bool*>(parameters.at("wireframe_return")));
+		}
+
+		if(ImGui::CollapsingHeader("Chunks")){
+		    ImGui::Text("Total chunks present: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("update_chunks_total")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Chunks generated: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("update_chunks_generated")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Chunks meshed: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("update_chunks_meshed")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Chunks actually freed from memory: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("update_chunks_freed")));
+		    ImGui::Text("Chunks explored: %d",
+			std::any_cast<int>(parameters.at("update_chunks_explored")));
+		}
+	    }catch(const std::bad_any_cast& e){
+		std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
+	    }catch(const std::out_of_range& e){
+		std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
+	    }
+
+	    ImGui::End();
+	}
+    }
+}

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-#include <glad/glad.h>
+#include "main.hpp"
-#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
 
 #include <iostream>
 #include <thread>
@@ -7,22 +6,18 @@
 #define GLOBALS_DEFINER
 #include "globals.hpp"
 #undef GLOBALS_DEFINER
-
 #include "chunkmanager.hpp"
-#include "main.hpp"
+#include "controls.hpp"
+#include "debugwindow.hpp"
 #include "renderer.hpp"
-#include "spacefilling.hpp"
 #include "shader.hpp"
+#include "spacefilling.hpp"
 
 float deltaTime = 0.0f; // Time between current frame and last frame
 float lastFrame = 0.0f; // Time of last frame
 float lastFPSFrame = 0.0f;
 int frames = 0;
 
-float lastBlockPick=0.0;
-bool blockpick = false;
-bool canChangeWireframe = true;
-
 int main()
 {
 
@@ -57,16 +52,23 @@ int main()
     glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
     glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);
     glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
-    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
     //glEnable(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_SRGB); //gamma correction done in fragment shader
     //glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); //GL_BACK GL_CCW by default
 
-    std::cout << "Using GPU: " << glGetString(GL_VENDOR) << " " << glGetString(GL_RENDERER) << "\n";
+    debug::window::set_parameter("gpu_vendor", glGetString(GL_VENDOR));
+    debug::window::set_parameter("gpu_renderer", glGetString(GL_RENDERER));
+
+    for(int i = 0; i < 360; i++){
+	sines[i] = sin(3.14 / 180 * i);
+	cosines[i] = cos(3.14 / 180 * i);
+    }
 
     SpaceFilling::initLUT();
-    wireframe = false;
+    controls::init();
-    renderer::init();
+    chunkmanager::init();
-    std::thread chunkmanager_thread = chunkmanager::init();
+    chunkmesher::init();
+    debug::window::init(window);
+    renderer::init(window);
 
     while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
     {
@@ -75,10 +77,12 @@ int main()
         deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
         lastFrame = currentFrame;
 
+	debug::window::set_parameter("frametime", deltaTime);
         // FPS Counter
         frames++;
         if(currentFrame - lastFPSFrame >= 1.0f){
-            std::cout << "FPS: " << frames << " Frametime: " << deltaTime << std::endl;
+            //std::cout << "FPS: " << frames << " Frametime: " << deltaTime << std::endl;
+	    debug::window::set_parameter("fps", frames);
             frames = 0;
             lastFPSFrame = currentFrame;
         }
@@ -86,14 +90,26 @@ int main()
         glClearColor(0.431f, 0.694f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
         glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
 
+	// Input handling
+        // Only close event is handles by main
+	if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
+	    glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
+	// the rest of input processing is handled by controls.cpp
+
         // Input processing
-        processInput(window);
+	controls::update(window);
 
         // Camera
         theCamera.update(window, deltaTime);
-	
+	debug::window::set_parameter("px", theCamera.getPos().x);
-	// Reset blockping timeout if 200ms have passed
+	debug::window::set_parameter("py", theCamera.getPos().y);
-	if(glfwGetTime() - lastBlockPick > 0.1) blockpick = false;
+	debug::window::set_parameter("pz", theCamera.getPos().z);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("cx", (int)(theCamera.getPos().x / CHUNK_SIZE));
+	debug::window::set_parameter("cy", (int)(theCamera.getPos().y / CHUNK_SIZE));
+	debug::window::set_parameter("cz", (int)(theCamera.getPos().z / CHUNK_SIZE));
+	debug::window::set_parameter("lx", theCamera.getFront().x);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("ly", theCamera.getFront().y);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("lz", theCamera.getFront().z);
 
 	// Render pass
 	renderer::render();
@@ -105,7 +121,6 @@ int main()
 
     // Stop threads and wait for them to finish
     chunkmanager::stop();
-    chunkmanager_thread.join();
 
     // Cleanup allocated memory
     chunkmanager::destroy();
@@ -119,37 +134,10 @@ void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow *window, int width, int height)
 {
     glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
     theCamera.viewPortCallBack(window, width, height);
+    renderer::framebuffer_size_callback(window, width, height);
 }
 
 void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow *window, double xpos, double ypos)
 {
     theCamera.mouseCallback(window, xpos, ypos);
 }
-
-void processInput(GLFWwindow *window)
-{
-    if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
-        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
-
-    if(glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_2) == GLFW_PRESS && !blockpick){
-	chunkmanager::blockpick(false);
-	blockpick=true;
-	lastBlockPick=glfwGetTime();
-    }
-
-    if(glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_1) == GLFW_PRESS && !blockpick){
-	chunkmanager::blockpick(true);
-	blockpick=true;
-	lastBlockPick=glfwGetTime();
-    }
-
-    if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_F) == GLFW_PRESS && canChangeWireframe){
-	wireframe = !wireframe;
-	canChangeWireframe = false;
-    }
-    if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_F) == GLFW_RELEASE) canChangeWireframe = true;
-
-    // Reset blockpicking if enough time has passed
-    if(glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_1) == GLFW_RELEASE && glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_2) == GLFW_RELEASE) blockpick = false;
-
-}

src/renderer.cpp

@@ -1,32 +1,95 @@
 #include "renderer.hpp"
 
-#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_vector.h>
+#include <glm/ext.hpp>
-#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_queue.h>
+#include <glm/gtx/string_cast.hpp>
+#include <oneapi/tbb/concurrent_hash_map.h>
 
 #include "chunkmanager.hpp"
 #include "chunkmesher.hpp"
+#include "debugwindow.hpp"
 #include "globals.hpp"
 #include "stb_image.h"
+#define STB_IMAGE_WRITE_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include "stb_image_write.h"
 
 namespace renderer{
-    RenderSet chunks_torender;
+    typedef oneapi::tbb::concurrent_hash_map<chunk_index_t, RenderInfo*> RenderTable;
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_vector<Chunk::Chunk*> render_todelete;
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<chunkmesher::MeshData*> MeshDataQueue;
 
-    Shader* theShader;
+    RenderTable ChunksToRender;
+    ChunkMeshDataQueue MeshDataQueue;
+    IndexQueue MeshDataToDelete;
+
+    Shader* theShader, *quadShader;
     GLuint chunkTexture;
 
     Shader* getRenderShader() { return theShader; }
-    RenderSet& getChunksToRender(){ return chunks_torender; }
+    ChunkMeshDataQueue& getMeshDataQueue(){ return MeshDataQueue; }
-    oneapi::tbb::concurrent_queue<chunkmesher::MeshData*>& getMeshDataQueue(){ return MeshDataQueue; }
+    IndexQueue& getDeleteIndexQueue(){ return MeshDataToDelete; }
 
+    GLuint renderTexFrameBuffer, renderTex, renderTexDepthBuffer, quadVAO, quadVBO;
+    int screenWidth, screenHeight;
 
-    void init(){
+    int crosshair_type{0};
+    bool wireframe{false};
+
+    void init(GLFWwindow* window){
+	// Setup rendering
+	// We will render the image to a texture, then display the texture on a quad that fills the
+	// entire screen.
+	// This makes it easy to capture screenshots or apply filters to the final image (e.g.
+	// over-impress HUD elements like a crosshair)
+	glfwGetWindowSize(window, &screenWidth, &screenHeight);
+
+	glGenFramebuffers(1, &renderTexFrameBuffer);
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTexFrameBuffer);
+
+	// Depth buffer
+	glGenRenderbuffers(1, &renderTexDepthBuffer);
+	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, renderTexDepthBuffer);
+	glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, screenWidth, screenHeight); //Support up to
+										//full-hd for now
+	// Attach it to the frame buffer
+	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER,
+		renderTexDepthBuffer);
+	// Create texture to render to
+	// The texture we're going to render to
+	glGenTextures(1, &renderTex);
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTex);
+	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGB, screenWidth, screenHeight, 0,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); // Support
+											 // up to
+											 // full-hd
+											 // for now
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+	// Set the texture as a render attachment for the framebuffer
+	glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTex, 0);
+
+	// Create the quad to render the texture to
+	float vertices[] = {
+	    -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
+	    -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
+	    1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
+	    1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
+	};
+	glGenBuffers(1, &quadVBO);
+	glGenVertexArrays(1, &quadVAO);
+	glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, quadVBO);
+	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5*sizeof(float), (void*)0);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 5*sizeof(float), (void*)(3*sizeof(float)));
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
+	glBindVertexArray(0);
+
+	// Rendering of the world
 	// Create Shader
 	theShader = new Shader{"shaders/shader-texture.gs", "shaders/shader-texture.vs", "shaders/shader-texture.fs"};
+	quadShader = new Shader{nullptr, "shaders/shader-quad.vs", "shaders/shader-quad.fs"};
 
+	// Block textures
 	// Create 3d array texture
-	constexpr int layerCount = 3;
+	constexpr int layerCount = 5;
 	glGenTextures(1, &chunkTexture);
 	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, chunkTexture);
 	
@@ -38,15 +101,38 @@ namespace renderer{
 	glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, 1, width, height, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, texels1);
 	unsigned char *texels2 = stbi_load("textures/grass_top.png", &width, &height, &nrChannels, 0);
 	glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, 2, width, height, 1, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, texels2);
+	unsigned char *texels3 = stbi_load("textures/wood.png", &width, &height, &nrChannels, 0);
+	glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, 3, width, height, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, texels3);
+	unsigned char *texels4 = stbi_load("textures/leaves.png", &width, &height, &nrChannels, 0);
+	glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY, 0, 0, 0, 4, width, height, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, texels4);
 
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_NEAREST);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_NEAREST);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY,GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S,GL_REPEAT);
 	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY,GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T,GL_REPEAT);
+
+	debug::window::set_parameter("crosshair_type_return", &crosshair_type);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("wireframe_return", &wireframe);
     }
 
+
     void render(){
-	int total{0}, toGpu{0};
+	// Bind the frame buffer to render to the texture
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTexFrameBuffer);
+	glViewport(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);
+	glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+	if(wireframe) glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
+	else glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
+
+	// Clear the screen
+        glClearColor(0.431f, 0.694f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
+        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
+
+	/* UPDATE IMGUI */
+	debug::window::prerender();
+
+	/* RENDER THE WORLD TO TEXTURE */
+	int total{0}, toGpu{0}, oof{0}, vertices{0};
 	glm::vec4 frustumPlanes[6];
 	theCamera.getFrustumPlanes(frustumPlanes, true);
 	glm::vec3 cameraPos = theCamera.getPos();	
@@ -55,26 +141,63 @@ namespace renderer{
 	theShader->use();
 	theShader->setVec3("viewPos", cameraPos);
 
-	chunkmesher::MeshData* m;
+	/* Process incoming mesh data */
+	ChunkMeshData* m;
 	while(MeshDataQueue.try_pop(m)){
-	    chunkmesher::sendtogpu(m);
+	    RenderTable::accessor a;
+	    RenderInfo* render_info;
+
+	    if(ChunksToRender.find(a, m->index)){
+		render_info = a->second;
+		render_info->position = m->position;
+		render_info->num_vertices = m->num_vertices;
+
+		// Always updated the mesh, even if it's empty
+		// This should solve the problem of having floating quads when destroying a block
+		// near chunk borders
+		send_chunk_to_gpu(m, render_info);
+	    }else{
+		render_info = new RenderInfo();
+		render_info->index = m->index;
+		render_info->position = m->position;
+		render_info->num_vertices = m->num_vertices;
+
+		ChunksToRender.emplace(a, std::make_pair(render_info->index, render_info));
+
+		// Only send the mesh to the GPU if it's not empty
+		if(render_info->num_vertices > 0) send_chunk_to_gpu(m, render_info);
+	    }
+
 	    chunkmesher::getMeshDataQueue().push(m);
 	}
 
-	if(wireframe) glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);
+	/* Process chunks to be removed */
-	else glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
+	chunk_index_t queue_index;
+	while(MeshDataToDelete.try_pop(queue_index)){
+	    RenderTable::accessor a;
 
-	for(auto& c : chunks_torender){
+	    if(ChunksToRender.find(a, queue_index)){
-	    float dist = glm::distance(c->getPosition(), cameraChunkPos);
+		RenderInfo* render_info = a->second;
-	    if(dist <= static_cast<float>(RENDER_DISTANCE)){
+		render_info->deallocateBuffers();
-		if(!c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_MESH_LOADED)) continue;
+		delete render_info;
+		ChunksToRender.erase(a);
+	    }
+	}
 
-		// reset out-of-vision and unload flags
+	/* Render the chunks */
-		c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION, false);
+	// parallel_for cannot be used since all the rendering needs to happen in a single thread
-		c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_UNLOADED, false);
+	for(RenderTable::iterator i = ChunksToRender.begin(); i != ChunksToRender.end(); i++){
+	    RenderInfo* render_info = i->second;
+
+	    if(render_info->num_vertices > 0)
+	    {
+		total++;
+
+		// Increase total vertex count
+		vertices += render_info->num_vertices;
 
 		// Perform frustum culling and eventually render
-		glm::vec3 chunk = c->getPosition();
+		glm::vec3 chunk = render_info->position;
 		glm::vec4 chunkW = glm::vec4(chunk.x*static_cast<float>(CHUNK_SIZE), chunk.y*static_cast<float>(CHUNK_SIZE), chunk.z*static_cast<float>(CHUNK_SIZE),1.0);
 		glm::mat4 model = glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.0), ((float)CHUNK_SIZE) * chunk);
 
@@ -95,50 +218,126 @@ namespace renderer{
 		}
 
 		if (!out)
-		{
-		    if(c->numVertices > 0)
 		{
 		    theShader->setMat4("model", model);
 		    theShader->setMat4("view", theCamera.getView());
 		    theShader->setMat4("projection", theCamera.getProjection());
 
-			glBindVertexArray(c->VAO);
+		    glBindVertexArray(render_info->VAO);
-			glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, c->numVertices);
+		    glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS, 0, render_info->num_vertices);
+		    glBindVertexArray(0);
+
+		    toGpu++;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+
+	debug::window::set_parameter("render_chunks_total", (int)(ChunksToRender.size()));
+	debug::window::set_parameter("render_chunks_rendered", toGpu);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("render_chunks_renderable", total);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("render_chunks_culled", total-toGpu);
+	debug::window::set_parameter("render_chunks_vertices", vertices);
+
+	/* DISPLAY TEXTURE ON A QUAD THAT FILLS THE SCREEN */
+	// Now to render the quad, with the texture on top
+	// Switch to the default frame buffer
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
+        glClearColor(0.431f, 0.694f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
+        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
+	glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL);
+
+	glBindVertexArray(quadVAO);
+	glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTex);
+	quadShader->use();
+	quadShader->setInt("screenWidth", screenWidth);
+	quadShader->setInt("screenHeight", screenHeight);
+	quadShader->setInt("crosshairType", crosshair_type);
+	glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
+	glBindVertexArray(0);
+
+	debug::window::render();
+    }
+
+    void send_chunk_to_gpu(ChunkMeshData* mesh_data, RenderInfo* render_info)
+    {
+	if(!render_info->buffers_allocated) render_info->allocateBuffers();
+
+	// bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s), and then configure vertex attributes(s).
+	glBindVertexArray(render_info->VAO);
+
+	// TODO: change GL_STATIC_DRAW to the one that means "few redraws and further in between"
+
+	// position attribute
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, render_info->VBO);
+	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->vertices.size() * sizeof(GLfloat), &(mesh_data->vertices[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void *)0);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
+
+	// normal attribute
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, render_info->extentsBuffer);
+	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->extents.size() * sizeof(GLfloat), &(mesh_data->extents[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void *)(0));
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
+
+	// texcoords attribute
+	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, render_info->texinfoBuffer);
+	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, mesh_data->texinfo.size() * sizeof(GLfloat), &(mesh_data->texinfo[0]), GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+	glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
+	glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(float), (void *)0);
+
 	glBindVertexArray(0);
     }
-		}
-	    }else{
-		// When the chunk is outside render distance
 
-		if(c->getState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION)){
+
-		    if(glfwGetTime() - c->unload_timer > UNLOAD_TIMEOUT){
+    void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow *window, int width, int height){
-			// If chunk was already out and enough time has passed
+	resize_framebuffer(width, height);
-			// Mark the chunk to be unloaded
-			// And mark is to be removed from the render set
-			render_todelete.push_back(c);
-		    }
-		} else{
-		    // Mark has out of vision and annotate when it started
-		    c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_OUTOFVISION, true);
-		    c->setState(Chunk::CHUNK_STATE_UNLOADED, false);
-		    c->unload_timer = glfwGetTime();
     }
 
-	    }
+    void resize_framebuffer(int width, int height){
+	screenWidth = width;
+	screenHeight = height;
+
+	theCamera.viewPortCallBack(nullptr, width, height);
+
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTexFrameBuffer);
+	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTex);
+	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGB, width, height, 0,GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); // Support
+	glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTex, 0);
+
+	glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, renderTexDepthBuffer);
+	glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, width, height); //Support up to
+	glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER,
+		renderTexDepthBuffer);
     }
 
-	for(auto& c : render_todelete){
+    void saveScreenshot(bool forceFullHD){
-	    // we can get away with unsafe erase as access to the container is only done by this
+	int old_screenWidth = screenWidth;
-	    // thread
+	int old_screenHeight = screenHeight;
-	    c->deleteBuffers();
+
-	    chunks_torender.unsafe_erase(c);
+	if(forceFullHD){
-	    chunkmanager::getDeleteVector().push(c);
+	    resize_framebuffer(1920, 1080);
+	    // Do a render pass
+	    render();
 	}
-	render_todelete.clear();
+
+	// Bind the render frame buffer
+	glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, renderTexFrameBuffer);
+	glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
+	// Save the framebuffer in a byte array
+	GLubyte data[screenWidth*screenHeight*3];
+	glReadPixels(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
+	// Save the byte array onto a texture
+	stbi_flip_vertically_on_write(1);
+	stbi_write_png(forceFullHD ? "screenshot_fullhd.png" : "screenshot.png", screenWidth,
+		screenHeight, 3, data, screenWidth*3);
+
+	if(forceFullHD) resize_framebuffer(old_screenWidth, old_screenHeight);
     }
 
     void destroy(){
 	delete theShader;
+	delete quadShader;
     }